<section class="_135editor" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="110473" style="font-size: medium;"><fieldset class="" style="margin-top: 0.8em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 2px 2px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(95, 156, 239); border-top-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); border-right-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); border-left-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); line-height: 1; font-size: 1em; font-weight: inherit; text-align: center; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0.3em 0.4em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; min-width: 1.8em; min-height: 1.6em; border-radius: 80% 100% 90% 20%; line-height: 1; font-size: 1em; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1</section></section><span class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.4em; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; color: rgb(0, 112, 192); line-height: 1.4; font-size: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 1em; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(95, 156, 239); font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong>染色的原理</strong></section></span></span></section></fieldset><fieldset class="" style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: inherit; clear: both; font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　A吸附：纤维是高分子，里面富含离子，与染料中含有的异离子相结合，从而纤维吸收了染料。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　B渗透：纤维中有空隙，把染料高温高压后压入或者渗入分子空隙中使之着色。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　C粘合：纤维分子中没有亲和染料的因子，故加粘合剂，使染料粘在纤维上。</span></p></fieldset><fieldset class="" style="margin-top: 0.8em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 2px 2px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(95, 156, 239); border-top-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); border-right-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); border-left-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); line-height: 1; font-size: 1em; font-weight: inherit; text-align: center; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0.3em 0.4em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; min-width: 1.8em; min-height: 1.6em; border-radius: 80% 100% 90% 20%; line-height: 1; font-size: 1em; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2</section></section><span class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.4em; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; color: rgb(0, 112, 192); line-height: 1.4; font-size: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 1em; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(95, 156, 239); font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong>方法</strong></section></span></span></section></fieldset><fieldset class="" style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: inherit; clear: both; font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">　<span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　纤维染色——色纺（纺纱中加颜色，如雪花纱、花式纱）</span></section><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　纱线染色——色织（色织面料）</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　布匹染色——着色（匹染）</span></p></fieldset><fieldset class="" style="margin-top: 0.8em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 2px 2px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(95, 156, 239); border-top-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); border-right-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); border-left-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); line-height: 1; font-size: 1em; font-weight: inherit; text-align: center; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0.3em 0.4em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; min-width: 1.8em; min-height: 1.6em; border-radius: 80% 100% 90% 20%; line-height: 1; font-size: 1em; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3</section></section><span class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.4em; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; color: rgb(0, 112, 192); line-height: 1.4; font-size: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 1em; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(95, 156, 239); font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong>染料与纺材</strong></section></span></span></section></fieldset><fieldset class="" style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: inherit; font-size: 1em; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: inherit; clear: both; font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">　<span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　①直接染料——染棉、麻、毛、丝及粘胶（常温染）</span></section><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　特点：色谱最全，价格最低，牢度最差，方法最简单。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　其中甲醛做促进剂</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　直接染料染过的面料一般要加固色剂来稳定颜色的牢度。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　②活性染料</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　染料中的活性基团与棉、麻、丝、毛及粘胶中的活性基团相结合。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　特点：色泽鲜艳，匀染性好，牢度好，但价格贵。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　③分散染料</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　涤纶的专用染料</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　染料的分子尽可能小，可渗透进去，同时用高温、高压促进染料渗透。因此，色牢度高。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　④阳离子染料</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　A腈纶的专用染料，腈纶纺丝时为负离子，与染料中的阳离子相吸着色</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　B涤纶中加负离子，可用阳离子染料进行常温染色。就是阳离子可染涤纶丝（CDP：CanDyePolyester）。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　⑤酸性染料</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　染羊毛。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　例：如T/C深色布该如何染色？</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　先用分散染料染涤纶，后直接染料染棉，然后把两种颜色套平。若故意需要色差，就不用套平。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">　　如浅色，就可以只染一种原料，或涤纶或棉分别用不同的染料就可以。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif;">若是色牢度要求高的，去染涤纶；要求低的，染棉即可。</span></p></fieldset></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" id="autoparagraph" style="font-size: medium;"></section>