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熟条的质量控制方法

2022-06-30 09:03:17

<section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor"><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"></span></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="115006"><section style="margin:10px auto;"><section style="border: 1px solid rgb(221, 63, 18); padding: 1em; margin-right: 15px; color: rgb(206, 53, 10);"><section class="135brush" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 1.5px;" data-autoskip="1"><span style="font-size: 15px;">工厂常规的熟条质量检验，主要是检测其条干不匀率、重量不匀率及重量偏差三项指标，其中对重量不匀率的要求是通过足够的并合数和控制其定量差异来实现的。根据科研或机械、工艺性能研究的需要，也有对条子的内在质量进行检测的这里不作讨论。</span></section></section><section class="assistant" style="float: right; width: 48px; margin-top: -47px;" data-width="48px"><img class="assistant" style="vertical-align: inherit; width: 100%; display: block; max-width: 100% !important;" src="https://bcn.135editor.com/files/images/editor_styles/2f95e7e85c72a5e5156ac3bb276d1537.gif" data-width="100%" title="【10、11、26、30 】鸟.gif" alt="" width="100%" draggable="false"></section></section></section><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"></span></p><section class="_135editor" data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="115014"><section style="margin:10px auto 30px;"><section style="display:flex;justify-content: center;"><section><section style="display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items: center;"><section class="assistant" style="width: 30px;"><section class="assistant" style="width: 30px;"><img class="assistant" style="vertical-align: inherit; width: 100%; display: block; max-width: 100% !important;" src="https://bcn.135editor.com/files/images/editor_styles/d63f91714aa9a6e9b8c5fb9ba646cbfa.gif" data-width="100%" title="【10、11、26、30 】鸟.gif" alt="【10、11、26、30 】鸟.gif" draggable="false"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size:22px;letter-spacing:1.5px;color: #ce350a;margin-left:4px;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" hm_fix="308:257">一、定量控制</strong></span></section></section><section class="assistant" style="height: 3px; background-color: #ce350a; margin-top: 4px; overflow: hidden;"><br></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">棉（或化纤混纺）条定量，即纺出棉条的平均干燥重量（g/5m）的控制是保证成纱质量和降低断头率的重要措施。棉条定量的控制和调整范围有两种：一是单机台各眼棉条定量的控制，另一种是纺同一线密度的全部机台棉条定量的控制。全机台的定量控制是为了控制细纱的重量偏差，并减少细纱机牵伸变换齿轮的调换次数和工作量。单机台的定量控制能及时消除并条机各机台间纺出重量的差异，有利于降低棉条和细纱的重量不匀率及细纱的重量偏差。对单机台和全机台纺出棉条的平均干燥重量与设计的标准干燥重量之间的差异允许范围，生产实践证明，如果单机台棉条干重的差异百分率控制在正负1%左右，则全机台棉条干重（即各单机台棉条的平均干重）的差异百分率一般控制在正负0.5%左右，此时，细纱的重量偏差和重量不匀率就有把握在2%的范围之内。细特纱质量要求比较高，所以对熟条重量差异的控制也相应要严一些。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（一）棉条定量的测试方法和步骤 </span>     </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">为了及时控制棉条的纺出干燥重量，生产厂每班对每个品种的熟条（末道条子）一般测试2~3次，抽样方法是在每机台的两眼都各取一个试样(5m)。试样总数根据该品种使用的并条机台眼数而有所不同，一般在8~30 段范围内。同时，从同一品种各台机器的棉条中随机抽样共50g测试棉条的回潮率，经过分别称重，先按台计算纺出平均重量（此时是含水的湿重），并计算出同一品种各台棉条的重量不匀率，再根据全机台，即同一品种的全部试样的平均重量（也是湿重）与测试出的棉条回潮率，折算出本次实验的实际平均干重。一般为了迅速得到试样结果并及时调整变换齿轮，可采用上一班实验的回潮率进行计算。最后以实际的平均干重同设计干重求出重量差异百分率，看其是否在上述控制的允许范围内，决定牵伸变换齿轮和牵伸微调齿轮（冠牙）是否需要调换。在作单机台的定量调整时，有些厂以标准干重根据棉条回潮率先折算出标准湿重，然后将试样的平均湿重同标准湿重对比计算，调整变换齿轮，这样比较方便和及时。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（二）变换齿轮的调节方法 </span>   </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">为把全机台棉条的平均干重波动值，控制在规定的允许范围内，应采用单机台分别调整的方法，即分别调整各单机台的牵伸倍数，将单机台的棉条平均干重的波动值控制在允许范围内。为了便利并条机及时调整纺出重量，在传动系统中均分别设有牵伸变换齿轮（轻重牙）和牵伸微调变换齿轮（冠牙）。视具体情况予以调换齿数。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">按照纺出重量波动范围的大小，调换变换齿轮的方法可采用：仅调换冠牙（波动值较小，接近于冠牙1齿所控制的重量时）；仅调换轻重牙（波动值较大，接近于轻重牙一齿所控制的重量时）；同时调换冠牙和轻重牙各一齿（如变动冠牙一齿所调整的重量太小，但变动轻重牙一齿调整的重量又太大时）相互搭配的方法。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（三）定量控制的经验 </span>  </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">在实际生产中影响棉条纺出重量的因素很多，又经常变化，因此，对试样所得的纺出重量数据必须经过一定的分析判断后，再决定是否应该调换变换齿轮。需要考虑下列各项因素。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="left"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">●</span>1、棉条标准控制  为了相对地减少并条机齿轮的调换次数，减少细纱重量不匀的波动性，在采用单台调整时，单台棉条重量差异的控制范围可适当放宽掌握。如同线密度各台平均重量 差 异 范 围 为正负0.13g，单台平均差异范围为正负0.2g，则凡单台平均不超出正负0.2g者一律不调换变换牙。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">纺同线密度的全机台及单机台重量控制范围，随线密度及细纱重量要求而异，一般单台控制标准约比全台控制标准放宽2倍左右。单台棉条定量的控制范围，低中特纱掌握较严，一般为标准定量正负0.5~0.75% 左右；高特纱较宽，一般为标准定量正负1%左右。这个标准大致接近并条机冠牙一齿所能控制的棉条重量，并且轻重牙一齿约相当冠牙两齿控制的棉条定量。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: left; font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">●</span>2、棉条偏轻或偏重的趋向    如果棉条几次的试样结果，虽然都没有超出允许的偏差范围，但都是向一个方向偏轻或偏重，或本次测验结果按照同一方向偏重或偏轻，并超出或接近允许标准时，这时应调整变换齿轮，轻者相应加重，重者相应减轻。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: left; font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">●</span>3、考虑是不是个别的重量偏差      有时由于操作或机台运转不正常形成个别的棉条试验重量过轻或过重，这种个别的重量偏差用英制时俗称“野格令”。当同线密度各台或一台中的个别几眼有过轻或过重者，应调整纺出重量。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">一般在单台调整时，如果单台平均重量偏轻或偏重，而其中少数几眼有过轻或过重的“野格令”，这时单台偏轻或偏重的不一定调整纺出重量，可在下次试验时继续进行观察。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">如果前纺发现过轻或过重的棉卷，在并条上常造成“野格令”。遇到这种情况，应适当增加并条试验次数，注意“追踪”、把关”。当发现后，及时相应地调整单台并条机纺出重量。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: left; font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">●</span>4、细纱累计重量偏差   细纱累计的重量偏差，影响每件纱用棉量的多少。细纱不仅掌握每批纱每班和每日的重量偏差，同时，应当掌握每日累计的重量偏差。为了平衡细纱累计重量偏差不超出标准，当细纱累计重量偏差为负值时（即纱轻），需要多纺重纱，这时并条纺出定量可偏重掌握（在十分必要时可对并条控制标准适当改重）；相反，当细纱累计重量偏差为正值时（即纱重），需要多纺轻纱，这时并条纺出定量可偏轻掌握（在十分必要时可对并条控制标准适当改轻）。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: left; font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">●</span>5、回潮率的波动   多数工厂为了及时调整并条机的纺出重量使其接近标准，常不直接使用本次试验的回潮率，而是采用上次棉条试验的回潮率作为本次试验折算干燥重量的依据。因此，当天气变化、棉卷或棉条的实际回潮率发生波动、开冷车棉卷或棉条的回潮率较小时，试验所得偏轻或偏重的棉条不一定马上调换变换牙。在遇到这种情况时，一般每班不按第一次试验结果轻易调换变换牙，而是等车间温湿度接近正常时，再次试验进行核对后再决定是否调整变换牙。这样可避免由于反复调换齿轮，人为地造成棉条或细纱重量偏差的波动。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: left; font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">●</span>6、牵伸效率的影响    根据生产经验，当回潮率较大时（如夏季潮湿季节），牵伸力增大，牵伸效率可能有所降低，除采取其他相应的措施外，棉条定量有时可适当偏轻掌握；相反，当回潮率较小时（如秋季干燥季节），牵伸力较小，牵伸效率可能有所增加，棉条定量可适当偏重掌握。当纤维品种变化影响牵伸效率的变化时，除采取其他的相应措施外，在定量的控制方面也存在上述相同的规律性。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">总之，棉条定量控制是保证成纱质量、稳定断头率、合理掌握用棉标准的重要措施，但是，以上采用的定量控制方法不是积极主动的调整方法，而是事后补救措施，存在着调整滞后现象，有时还可能由于“野格令”的影响，产生错误的调整。在一般情况下，前纺半制品质量比较稳定时，以少换变换齿轮为宜。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></strong></span></p><section class="_135editor" data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="115014"><section style="margin:10px auto 30px;"><section style="display:flex;justify-content: center;"><section><section style="display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items: center;"><section class="assistant" style="width: 30px;"><section class="assistant" style="width: 30px;"><img class="assistant" style="vertical-align: inherit; width: 100%; display: block; max-width: 100% !important;" src="https://bcn.135editor.com/files/images/editor_styles/d63f91714aa9a6e9b8c5fb9ba646cbfa.gif" data-width="100%" title="【10、11、26、30 】鸟.gif" alt="【10、11、26、30 】鸟.gif" draggable="false"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size:22px;letter-spacing:1.5px;color: #ce350a;margin-left:4px;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" hm_fix="336:255">二、条干均匀度控制</strong></span></section></section><section class="assistant" style="height: 3px; background-color: #ce350a; margin-top: 4px; overflow: hidden;"><br></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">条干不匀率是指棉条截面积的变异系数，它是直接影响后道工序产品质量以至棉纱、棉布质量指标的重要因素，因此，它是并条质量控制的主要项目之一。随着高速并条机的使用，条干不匀率更易波动，需要加强控制和管理。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">条干不匀的内容，按照不同的分类方法，可以包括以下各类：按出现的规律性分类，即有无周期性和持续性，可分为有规律的条干不匀和无规律的条干不匀两大类，前者如规律性的竹节条，表现在细纱检验黑板上为“斜纹”，在布面上为“条影”疵点，后者如飞花、操作不良、胶辊带花所造成的竹节条；按产生条干不匀的原因分类，则可分为牵伸波不匀、机械波不匀和人为性条干不匀。因此，应根据不同的情况分析、推断、进行校正。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（一）利用条干曲线分析规律性条干不匀的原因 </span>     </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">利用萨氏（国产Y311型条干均匀度仪）条干不匀曲线的波形可以判断产生棉条条干不匀的原因和发生不匀的机件部位。在萨氏条干曲线图中如果发现曲线的峰和谷出现周期性的变化（即相邻若干个峰或谷，距离接近相等），则属于规律性条干不匀，可从峰或谷间的波长数值推算出并条机牵伸机构中某一部位发生了故障。例如在A272型并条机输出条子上发现规律性的不匀周期在7~8cm左右（指条干曲线纸的波形），则可推算出前罗拉部分发生了故障（包括前罗拉弯曲、偏心或罗拉头齿轮损坏、轴承损坏等原因引起罗拉跳动）。因为前罗拉每转动一周，棉条输出的长度大约为<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; list-style: none; text-align: left; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-family: arial; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">π×</span>前罗拉直径<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: left; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-family: arial; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">×</span>集束罗拉至前罗拉的张力牵伸<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: left; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-family: arial; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">×</span>压辊至集束罗拉间的张力牵伸，等于90.12mm。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">棉条每走12mm，在条干曲线纸上相应走 1mm，棉条走 90.12mm，则条干曲线纸上相应走7.5mm左右。因此，周期在7~8mm的规律性条干不匀，毛病可能出现在前罗拉部分。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">如果是不规律的条干不匀，就难以从条干曲线上来查出原因，要从机械、操作和其他方面去寻找原因。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">规律性条干不匀是有缺陷的回转机件在每转一转中出现的一次节粗节细，就是说这个节粗节细的不匀应该分布在有缺陷回转机件每转一转送出的棉条长度上，也即一个圆周长度上。所以，可以用下式推算出产生规律性条干不匀的机件部位 : 造成不匀机件的直径 = 半制品不匀的波长/（<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style: outside none none; text-align: left; font-family: arial; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">π × </span>该机件至紧压罗拉间的牵伸倍数）</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">若是牵伸部分传动齿轮本身弊病（如齿轮磨灭、缺齿、齿轮啮合不良、键销松动等）所造成的规律性条干不匀，其粗细节也分布在该齿轮每一回转期间输出紧压罗拉的棉条长度上，其计算方法如下：</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"> 半制品不匀波长 = 造成不匀齿轮至它所传动罗拉的传动比<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style: outside none none; text-align: left; font-family: arial; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> × </span>该罗拉造成规律性条干不匀的波长</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（二）根据成品的疵点找出产生疵点的并条机机件部位</span>    </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">棉条的条干不匀同成品的条干疵点之间有着密切的联系。把半成品的条干不匀同成品的条干不匀进行对照，波长的变化关系比较明显，而波幅的变化关系比较复杂。波长的变化是指相邻粗节（棉纱）或粗纬（棉布）之间长度的变化，波幅的变化是指粗节或粗纬本身粗细（厚度）的变化。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">波长的变化规律是：上一工序或后一个牵伸区所产生的不匀波长，经过下一工序或前一牵伸区的牵伸后，原有条干不匀的波长按牵伸倍数扩大。所以根据棉纱、布面上反映的不匀波长，可以按牵伸倍数推算出是哪个工序甚至哪个牵伸元件所造成的。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">高速并条机上产生的规律性条干不匀，在织布以后成为明显的规律性疵布，由布面疵点推算产生疵点的并条机机件部位的方法、步骤如下：</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: left; font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">●</span>1、计算布面规律性粗纬的平均波长</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: left; font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">●</span>2、推算产生纱疵工序（并条或粗纱）机件的有效直径 </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（三）利用波谱图分析棉条不匀率及其原因</span>  </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">应用Uster波谱仪自动给出的波谱图形，既能分析条子短片段的条干不匀率，又能分析其长片段的重量不匀率。它的主要特点是能较清楚地反映纱条不匀的结构性质，分析造成纱条不匀率的工艺原因，便于改进熟条的质量。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">对于牵伸罗拉或传动齿轮不正常所形成的周期不匀，可根据波谱图上所出现的特大振幅（凸形长条）所对应的波长和产品输出速度，推算出产生这种周期性不匀的机件部位。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">通常采用两种方法，即波长计算法和测速仪法。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: left; font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">●</span>1、波长计算法  与根据萨氏条干曲线波长来判断不正常部件的计算方法相同。要指出的是，实际上由于须条在罗拉沟槽中呈皱曲状态，使输出须条的实际圆周长度会大于计算值（<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style: outside none none; text-align: left; font-family: arial; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">π × </span>d），而计算式中的张力牵伸值，对不匀波长的影响，实际上小于其计算值。因为纤维在刚经牵伸后具有一定的弹性回缩现象，以上两个因素互相抵消，当然罗拉沟槽所造成的影响大一些。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; text-align: left; font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">●</span>2、测速仪法  它是判断周期性不匀产生原因的最简捷的方法。首先用测速仪测出机台输出速度 v，而棉条的周期性不匀的波长 <span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">入 </span>可直接在波谱图上读出，若状态不良的工作机件（牵伸元件）的转速为 n，则可按下式求出产生周期性不匀的机件部位。n=v / <span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">入</span>，按上式可计算出不正常机件的转速值，然后按照牵伸工艺求出机件的部位。这个方法同样适用于判断传动齿轮的缺陷。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（四）整顿机械状态，稳定条干均匀度</span>  </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">由于并条机速度的大幅度提高，使条干质量恶化和产生突然性疵点的可能增加了。在合理布置摩擦力界、优化牵伸工艺的同时，加强对并条机牵伸与加压机构的管理、改进传动部件的机械结构、消除机械上造成条干不匀的因素，是稳定和保证条干均匀度的重要措施。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">加压不良的内容包括压力不准确、加压失效和压力不匀三种情况。应严格定期压力检测制度，控制胶辊两端和两眼间压力差异范围，同千胶辊左右压力差异所造成的条干恶化，甚至比压力不足所造成的影响更大。应注意选用机械材质及加工水平的摇架弹簧、定期检测其弹性衰退、弹簧压力应对准胶辊轴中心。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">罗拉、胶辊的同心度和安装质量，对须条质量和机件寿命有很大影响。罗拉弯曲应控制在0.05mm 以内，胶辊的平直度和圆整度也均应在0.05mm以内，胶辊的硬度要与所纺品种相适应。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">牵伸传动部件的不正常，是高速并条机条干恶化的重要原因。齿轮啮合过松、键槽或轴孔磨灭松动，都容易产生间断性棉网，造成条干恶化或竹节条。在快速轴上的传动齿轮松动，其影响比慢速轴更大。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">对于键槽与轴孔磨灭松动，可以用手盘动前罗拉，同时看第二或第三罗拉的转动延时程度和棉网是否产生断续痕迹来判断，因为这是传动系统齿轮松动累计误差的集中反映。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">造成条干不匀常见的机械故障还有：齿轮磨灭（易出现规律性条干不匀）、齿轮松动（易出现不规律条干不匀）、滚珠轴承磨灭（易出现规律性条干不匀）、胶辊内凹握持力不足（易出现条干不匀）、罗拉绕花等。</span></p><section class="_135editor" data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="115014"><section style="margin:10px auto 30px;"><section style="display:flex;justify-content: center;"><section><section style="display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items: center;"><section class="assistant" style="width: 30px;"><section class="assistant" style="width: 30px;"><img class="assistant" style="vertical-align: inherit; width: 100%; display: block; max-width: 100% !important;" src="https://bcn.135editor.com/files/images/editor_styles/d63f91714aa9a6e9b8c5fb9ba646cbfa.gif" data-width="100%" title="【10、11、26、30 】鸟.gif" alt="【10、11、26、30 】鸟.gif" draggable="false" data-ratio="0.9560439560439561" data-w="91"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size:22px;letter-spacing:1.5px;color: #ce350a;margin-left:4px;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" hm_fix="324:248">三、自调匀整装置</strong></span></section></section><section class="assistant" style="height: 3px; background-color: #ce350a; margin-top: 4px; overflow: hidden;"><br></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">并条机的并合作用对长片段重量偏移和短片段重量波动是无法解决的，同时并合牵伸产生新的牵伸附加不匀，上述人工取样测试又有局限性。因此，在高速并条机以并合和自调匀整结合来控制并条重量不匀和重量偏差，是并条机工艺技术发展的必然。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">自调匀整装置就是根据喂入或纺出半制品的单位长度重量（在密度均匀一致时，可用粗细表示）与标准的差异，随机检测、自动调节牵伸倍数，使纺出半制品单位长度重量（或粗细）保持一个较为稳定的数值。高速并条机配置自调匀整装置是进一步改善出条质量的有效措施。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">自调匀整装置按控制方式可分为三类：一是开环控制系统，补偿中、短片段的条干不匀；二是闭环控制系统，补偿中、长片段的产品不匀；三是混合控制系统。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 2em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px;">根据目前情况对环锭纺而言，普梳系统的一般产品可以不装匀整装置；有特殊要求的产品，可在头道并条用匀整装置（若梳棉机有匀整装置的，头并可以不用）；精梳系统的一般产品，精梳后末道并条机上可用匀整装置（精梳后采用一道并条的，最好要用短片段匀整装置）；质量要求高的产品，最好在精梳联或梳棉机上加装长片段或长短片段的匀整装置。</span></p><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph"><p><br></p></section></section>

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