<section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor"><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">影响纱线强、伸度的因素主要是组成纱线的纤维性质和纱线结构两个方面，其中混纺纱的强、伸度还与混纺纤维的性质差异和混纺比密切相关，温、湿度和强力测试条件等外因对纱线强、伸度的影响基本上与纤维相同。</p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; max-width: 100%; font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1、纤维性质</strong></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">纤维的长度、线密度：</p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">纤维长度较长，纤维较细时，成纱中纤维间的摩擦阻力较大，不易滑脱，所以成纱强度较高。</p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">当纤维长度整齐度较好，纤维细而均匀时，成纱条干均匀，弱环少而不显著，有利于成纱强力的提高。</p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">纤维的强度：</p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">纤维的强、伸度大时，则成纱的强、伸度也较大；纤维强、伸度不匀率小，则成纱强度高。</p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">纤维的表面摩擦性能：</p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">当纤维表面摩擦系数μ增加，纤维间滑动阻力大，滑脱长度lc减小，滑脱纤维数的比例减少，成纱强度增加。提高纤维的卷曲数能增加纤维间滑动阻力。</p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; max-width: 100%; font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2、纱线结构</strong></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">(<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; max-width: 100%; font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1)短纤维纱结构对其强、伸度的影响，主要反映在捻度上。</strong></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">当捻系数增大时木纤维间摩擦阻力增大，不易滑脱，这是对短纤维纱强度有力的积极一面，但当捻系数增大的同时，伴随着纤维的倾斜越来越大，纤维强度在纱轴向的有效分力降低，纱中纤维断裂不同时性加剧，同时纤维倾斜时纱线直径增大都是对纱线相对强度的不利因素。</p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; max-width: 100%; font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">(2)合股的影响</strong></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">单纱的并合作用使股线(plyyarn)条干均匀，且单纱之间有接触，使单纱外层纤维间抱合力增加；股线强力大于各单纱强力之和。</p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; max-width: 100%; font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">(3)纤维在短纤纱中的排列形态</strong></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">转杯纱强度低于环锭纱：转杯纱中，对折、卷曲、打圈等不规则排列纤维较多，正常转移纤维较少，致使纤维与纤维抱合接触不良，拉伸时滑脱纤维较多。</p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; max-width: 100%; font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">(4)膨体纱</strong></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">膨体纱的拉伸断裂强度比传统纱小，而断裂伸长率则较大。</p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">结构特性：利用两种热收缩性相差很大的纤维混纺后进行热收缩处理，使纱条中高收缩性的纤维充分回缩，同时迫使热收缩性小的正常纤维沿纱轴向压缩皱曲而呈现膨体特性。</p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">拉伸断裂过程：膨体纱受拉伸时负担外力的纤维根数较小，而且各根纤维的张力不均匀。开始被拉伸时，只有一小部分纤维承担外力，其他纤维皱曲松弛着。当前一种纤维被拉断后，后一种纤维才伸直并承担拉伸力，直至整体断裂。</p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; max-width: 100%; font-family: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">(5)变形纱和弹力丝</strong></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">依靠各种定形方法，使每根纤维呈螺旋弹簧形或卷曲状的定向皱曲曲线。</p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; margin-top: 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 24px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(245, 248, 253); font-family: 宋体; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在开始拉伸的相当一段过程中，实际上是在拉伸力增加很小的条件下使纤维逐渐伸直的，其俱有很高的断裂伸长率。</p></section>