<div><br></div><div><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="font-size: medium; max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　答 柠檬酸可用作无醛整理剂，具有一定的抗皱性能，但经柠檬酸整理的织物，有明显泛黄变色现象。柠檬酸在受热焙烘时，能脱水成酐，并在催化剂作用下与纤维素上的羟基进行酯交联，从而实现织物的防皱效果，但因柠檬酸在结构上比一般多元酸多一个羟基，属羟基酸，在加热焙烘脱水成酐的同时，分子中的羟基与邻位上的氢也可能受热而脱去，生成乌头酸(丙烯三酸)，并有可能脱去水和CO2形成衣康酸(亚甲基丁二酸)。乌头酸和衣康酸都是不饱和酸，具有双键结构，因此整理后的织物出现泛黄变色现象。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　为防止泛黄变色，曾有人试验在树脂整理工作液中添加硼酸，可有效地改善织物泛黄现象，但硼酸的用量应高于在柠檬酸防皱工艺中的0．1摩尔比(与整理剂用量比)，不仅可克服织物泛黄，同时能提高白度，也能改善折皱回复角与强度保留率之间的平衡关系。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" id="autoparagraph" style="font-size: medium; max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; caret-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section></div>