<p><br></p><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="font-size: medium; max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　答表面活性剂要能吸附于界面而呈现特有的界面活性，必须使疏水基团和亲水基团之间具有一定的平衡，这种反映疏水基与亲水基的平衡程度，由美国Atlas研究机构Griffin于1949年首创，称为亲疏平衡值，即HLB值(Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance)。规定表面活性剂的HLB 值为1～40，非离子型表面活性剂HLB值为l～20。HLB值越大，亲水性越强。从亲油性到亲水性的转变点为10。离子型表面活性剂的HLB值在1～40之间。完全没有亲水性的石蜡的HLB值为0；油酸的HLB值为1；油酸钾为20；十二烷基硫酸钠为40；丙二醇单硬脂酸酯为3．4；甘油单硬脂酸酯为3．8。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　HLB值的计算方法有多种，现将最常用的几种方法介绍如下。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　①非离子型表面活性剂的HLB值计算。格里芬(Griffin)导出的公式为：</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzynd6z7.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzynd6z7.png" data-ratio="0.7948275862068965" data-w="580" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 444px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　②离子型表面活性剂的HLB值计算。对于阴离子型表面活性剂和阳离子型表面活性剂就不能用以上计算方法，因为阴、阳离子型表面活性剂的亲水基的亲水性，其单位质量要比非离</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzynd6z701.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzynd6z701.png" data-ratio="1.0566037735849056" data-w="583" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 444px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzynd6z702.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzynd6z702.png" data-ratio="0.257679180887372" data-w="586" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; cursor: pointer; width: 444px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　表面活性剂的HLB值的应用，和表面活性剂的性质有着密切的联系，然而，迄今为止，确定HLB值的方法还比较粗略，还不能单纯由HLB值来确定表面活性剂的性质，因而，不能将HLB值作为挑选表面活性剂的主要条件，但HLB值可帮助我们大体上了解表面活性剂的性质，有助于初步选择。在助剂的复配中可考虑其HLB值应基本相同。HLB值与表面活性剂性质和用途之间的关系见表6-4。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzynd6z703.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzynd6z703.png" data-ratio="0.40476190476190477" data-w="588" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 444px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" id="autoparagraph" style="font-size: medium; max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; 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