<h2 style="margin: 30px 0px 10px; padding: 0px 0px 6px; font-weight: 400; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 24px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(222, 223, 225); clear: both; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; caret-color: red; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">柔软剂的发展概述</span><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.75em; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Simsun; font-size: 14px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　柔软剂作为织物的常规后整理助剂，应用至今已有半个多世纪，发展非常迅速，它从最早的表面活性剂类柔软剂发展为高分子聚合物类柔软剂，又从高分子聚乙烯蜡发展为有机硅聚合物，又从聚二甲基硅氧烷乳液发展为端羟基聚硅氧烷乳液、亲水性有机硅柔软剂、氨基聚硅氧烷乳液、氨基聚硅氧烷微乳、低黄变氨基改性有机硅柔软剂、亲水性氨基有机硅柔软剂和超平滑氨基改性聚硅氧烷等。</span></p></section></h2><h2 style="margin-top: 30px; padding-bottom: 6px; cursor: text; font-size: 18px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(222, 223, 225); clear: both; line-height: 1.75em; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">柔软剂分类</h2><h2 style="margin-top: 30px; padding-bottom: 6px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 24px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(222, 223, 225); clear: both; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.75em; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Simsun; font-size: 14px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　柔软整理剂按离子性来分有阳离子型、非离子型、阴离子型和两性季铵盐型四种。</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Simsun; font-size: 14px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Simsun; font-size: 14px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　阳离子型柔软剂是使用最广泛的一类，它又可分季铵盐型、脂肪酸酯型、右蜡型、聚乙烯型、有机硅树脂型等，其中季铵盐型柔软剂在阳离子柔软剂中占有较大比重，主要有单烷基季铵盐、二烷基季铵盐、烷基酰基季铵盐、吡啶季铵盐型和咪唑型柔软剂等，目前所用的季铵盐型柔软剂中单烷基季铵盐由于毒性大、生物降解性差等已逐渐被淘汰；二烷基季铵盐和烷基酰基季铵盐的毒性虽比单烷基季铵盐低，但其生物降解性很差，会杀死生物菌且易在污水处理时被污泥吸收而污染农田，因此在上世纪九十年代初已在德国、荷兰等国停止使用，欧盟在2002年5月15日发布的Eco-Label中明确禁止使用双[氢化牛油烷基]二甲基氯化铵、双[硬脂酰基]二甲基氯化铵与双[牛油烷基]二甲基氯化铵和由它们组成的制剂或配方；至于咪唑型(如柔软剂IS)和吡啶季铵盐型(如VelanPF)等阳离子型柔软剂的BOD小、用传统的生化法来处理降解比较困难，虽然目前没有禁用，但按生态要求它们的使用也是有问题的。</span></p></section></h2><h2 style="margin-top: 30px; padding-bottom: 6px; cursor: text; font-size: 18px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(222, 223, 225); clear: both; line-height: 1.75em; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">柔软剂原料分类</h2><h2 style="margin-top: 30px; padding-bottom: 6px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 24px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(222, 223, 225); clear: both; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.75em; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Simsun; font-size: 14px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　1.有机硅类：这类柔软剂爽滑效果比较好，最大的弊端就是价格昂贵，成本较高，使用时及易造成飘油。不适合在日益竞争的现代工业中长期发展；</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Simsun; font-size: 14px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Simsun; font-size: 14px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　2.软片类：这类主要以脂肪酸盐为主，使用比较方便，但这类柔软剂软片用量大，成本也相应比较高。不适合降低综合成本，提高工业利润的需求；</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Simsun; font-size: 14px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Simsun; font-size: 14px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　3.D1821：也即是双十八烷基二甲基氯化铵，这类柔软剂最大的缺点是生物降解性差并且黄变严重；随着公共意识的提高，环保质量的要求，此类产品也不能满足社会发展的需求；</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Simsun; font-size: 14px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Simsun; font-size: 14px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　4.酯季铵盐：这类柔软剂柔软性能稳定，用量小，突出生物降解性，更兼具有抗黄变、杀菌消毒等多项功能。可以说该类柔软剂产品是今后柔软剂行业的一种主导趋势。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" id="autoparagraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; caret-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section></h2>