<section data-role="paragraph" class="_135editor" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　卷染机又称染缸，是使用较早的一类间歇式平幅染色机。除主要用于直接、活性、硫化、还原等染料的平幅染色外，还可用于小批量退浆、煮练、漂白、水洗、皂煮和后处理等。在效率、质量、成本和操作强度等方面都比不上连续式染色机，但由于它机动灵活、结构简单、操作简便、投资少，故仍被广泛使用。尤其适用于多品种、小批量的生产。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　卷染机的分类方法有很多，可按染槽材质、操作方法、织物幅度、卷轴位置、织物线速度或张力、工作温度和压力等来分类。常压卷染机按传动方式可分为普通型、周转轮系传动型、电差动型、水动重力传动型、直流电动机传动型和摩擦轮传动型等。常压卷染机用于棉织物、丝绸织物的染色。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　一、普通卷染机</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　普通卷染机如图7-3所示。在铸铁染槽的上方装有一对卷布辊，槽内装有五根导布辊，槽上部装有进水管，槽内底部装有直接和间接蒸汽加热管。排液口在槽底部的一端。在两根卷布辊的非传动端各装有制动装置，卷染过程中可适当调整退卷辊的制动力矩，以免织物在运行过程中发生松弛、起皱现象。此外，在各传动部位都配有安全防护装置。普通卷染机一般为集体传动，也有单独传动。在运转过程中，通过离合器的作用，两根卷布辊中只有上卷辊主动恒速转动，退卷辊则是通过织物由上卷辊拖动而被动回转。普通卷染机存在以下主要缺点：在一道卷染全过程中，织物运行的线速度随上卷辊卷绕织物直径的增大而递增；织物运行的经向张力较大，使织物容易伸长。</span></p><p style="text-align: center; max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="https://dayaotex-edu.fsh.bcebos.com/v1/dayaotex-edu/7-3.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1%2F59b7a26546d74b64bfd056b483465817%2F2023-06-16T01%3A42%3A09Z%2F-1%2F%2Ff10baebb840bd6af01a74c2a1182665c28f397574cfd65e9efc9a4b21b67e0d1" data-filename="" style="width: 25%;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　二、周转轮系传动式卷染机</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　为了克服普通卷染机的缺陷，关键是要解决上卷辊的恒定转速和较大的织物线速度不匀率、退卷辊的被动回转和较大的织物经向张力这两对矛盾。周转轮系传动式卷染机就是利用周转轮系的差动作用来缓和上述两个矛盾，从而改进卷染机的机械性能的。图7-4所示的M122型卷染机，就是这类卷染机。图7-5为其传动分析图。</span></p><p style="text-align: center; max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="https://dayaotex-edu.fsh.bcebos.com/v1/dayaotex-edu/7-4.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1%2F59b7a26546d74b64bfd056b483465817%2F2023-06-16T01%3A42%3A22Z%2F-1%2F%2Fdd5ebc2b0dffc58ee369301ce4e00b89a5707a4b807b16ef338ee48f1ce7c9ae" data-filename="" style="width: 25%;"></p><p style="text-align: center; max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="https://dayaotex-edu.fsh.bcebos.com/v1/dayaotex-edu/7-5.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1%2F59b7a26546d74b64bfd056b483465817%2F2023-06-16T01%3A42%3A36Z%2F-1%2F%2Ff22e01a8b9ddc5c06c92ade99a55ea63bacd65854a7eebbfac661c3609c9f02f" data-filename="" style="width: 25%;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　该机采用锥形齿轮周转轮系。交流感应电动机通过圆柱齿轮9、10，传动轴15，经双面摩擦离合器16传动圆柱齿轮11或12。圆柱齿轮12经圆柱齿轮13、14与转臂H的圆柱齿轮啮合，使转臂H可做正向或反向的回转。周转轮系再通过差动轮系分别传动卷布辊A和B，即退卷辊也主动回转。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　在卷染过程中，主动回转的上卷辊和退卷辊的转速是各自随卷绕织物的直径而自动成反比量变的。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" id="autoparagraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; 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