<p><br></p><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="font-size: medium; max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　粘胶纤维是以天然纤维素为基本原料, 经纤维素磺酸酯溶液纺制而成的再生纤维素纤维。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　在各类化学纤维中, 粘胶纤维是最早投入工业化生产的品种。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　早在1891 年, Cross、Bevan 和Beadle 等首先将天然纤维素用烧碱浸渍, 制成碱纤维素, 然后使之与二硫化碳反应, 生成纤维素磺酸钠盐(亦称纤维素磺酸酯)溶液, 由于这种溶液的粘度很大, 因而被命名为“ 粘胶”。粘胶遇酸后, 纤维素又重新析出。根据粘胶的这种性质, 1893 年发展了一种制备化学纤维的方法, 由这种方法制得的纤维称为“ 粘胶纤维”。到1905 年, Mailer 等发明了稀硫酸和硫酸盐组成的凝固浴, 使粘胶纤维的性能得到较大改善, 从而实现了粘胶纤维的工业化生产。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　早期的粘胶纤维都是长丝, 俗称人造丝; 后来发展了短纤维, 棉型的叫人造棉, 毛型的叫人造毛。目前, 在粘胶纤维中, 短纤维的产量约占2/ 3 , 其余1/ 3 是粘胶长丝和强力纤维。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　20 世纪30 年代末期, 出现了强力粘胶纤维。20 世纪40 年代初, 日本研制成功高湿模量粘胶短纤维, 称为“ Toramomen 虎木棉”, 国际上命名其为“ Polynosic 波里诺西克纤维”, 我国在1965 年也生产出这种纤维, 取名为“富强纤维”, 简称“ 富纤”, 这种纤维克服了粘胶纤维的致命缺点, 性能接近于棉纤维。20 世纪50 年代初期, 高湿模量粘胶纤维实现了工业化生产; 60 年代初期, 粘胶纤维的发展达到高峰, 其产量占化学纤维总产量的80% 以上。在这个时期, 美国开发了一种高湿模量( HWM)粘胶纤维“Avril 阿夫列尔”, 其有些性能优于波里诺西克纤维, 另外,美国还开发出中等强力粘胶短纤维“Avron 阿芙纶”、高强力高伸长耐磨好的粘胶短纤维“XL 阿芙纶”和高湿模量高卷曲粘胶短纤维“ Prima 普列玛”等。在欧洲, 富强纤维和高湿模量粘胶纤维统称为“Modal 莫代尔”。其他国家也有许多粘胶纤维新品种, 使粘胶纤维的纺织产品性能更加接近于棉纤维。从20 世纪60 年代中期起, 由于合成纤维的兴起, 并因其强度高、机械物理性能好, 备受人们欢迎, 粘胶纤维则在湿强等性能方面有明显不足, 因此, 粘胶纤维的发展趋于平缓, 到1968 年产量开始落后于合成纤维; 至80 年代, 随着纺织科技的发展, 粘胶纤维可以做到既具有其他化学纤维所不可相比的舒适性, 又克服了湿强力、湿模量低的弱点, 出现了换代产品。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　近年来, 粘胶纤维也有向细旦化方面发展的趋向, 细旦粘胶纤维有利开发轻薄型、桃皮绒、仿真丝等新风格、高档次的纺织品。粘胶纤维突出的干爽等风格, 受到广泛的重视。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　经过几十年的发展, 粘胶纤维主要有以下品种:</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="https://dayaotex-edu.fsh.bcebos.com/v1/dayaotex-edu/image.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1%2F59b7a26546d74b64bfd056b483465817%2F2023-05-26T01%3A10%3A13Z%2F-1%2F%2F959e5a75eaae48e8ad7ba03bf3b760d6186c59e8fa91900b6f133cba6c619498" data-filename="" style="width: 1017px;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br></span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" id="autoparagraph" style="font-size: medium; max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; caret-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section>