<section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor"><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); visibility: visible; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(75, 127, 199); border-radius: 0px 0px 0.8em 0.8em; box-shadow: rgba(62, 62, 62, 0.24) 3px 3px 5px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: 1.6; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">硫化染料是一类分子结构比较复杂的含硫染料。一般是由某些芳胺、氨基酚类等有机化合物与硫磺或多硫化钠一起加热，即硫化而制成。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">硫化染料大多不溶于水，在染色时，需溶于硫化钠或碱性保险粉溶液还原成隐色体，再经纤维吸收后氧化而显颜色。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 27.2px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 0px; background-image: none; background-clip: border-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); bottom: auto; height: 2364px; left: auto; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); top: auto; z-index: auto; visibility: visible; clear: none;"><section data-id="85816" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section label="Copyright © 2015 Yead All Rights Reserved." style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-id="85816" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; visibility: visible; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section label="Copyright © 2015 Yead All Rights Reserved." style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(82, 132, 210); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">一、硫化染料概述</strong></span></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">硫化染料自1873年第一次制造用于纤维素纤维染色以来，已有一百多年的历史，它的生产工艺比较简单，一般是由芳胺类或酚类化合物与硫磺或多硫化钠混合加热制成的。成本低廉、使用方便、无制癌性，具有良好的水洗牢度和日晒牢度，是一类大众化的染料。但由于它是一类水不溶性的染料，染色时，它们在硫化碱溶液中被还原成可溶性的隐色体钠盐，染人纤维后，经过氧化成为不溶状态固着在纤维上，因此染色工艺复杂，而且在强碱性条件下不能用于羊毛、蚕丝等蛋白质纤维。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">所以硫化染料多用于纤维素纤维的染色，特别是棉纺织物深色产品的染色，其中以黑、蓝两种颜色的应用最广。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><section data-id="85816" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section label="Copyright © 2015 Yead All Rights Reserved." style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(82, 132, 210); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">二、硫化染料的染色机理</strong></span></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(82, 132, 210); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">硫化染料还原溶解配成染液，形成的染色隐色体被纤维素纤维吸附，经空气氧化处理，使纤维素纤维显现所需颜色。其化学反应式为</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">D-S-SO3Na&nbsp;&nbsp;+&nbsp;&nbsp;Na2S→D-SNa&nbsp;&nbsp;+&nbsp;&nbsp;Na2S2O3</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">硫化染料母体对纤维没有亲和力，其结构中含有硫键(一S一)、二硫键(一s—S)或多硫键(一Sx一)，在硫化钠还原剂作用下被还原成硫氢基(一SNa)，变成溶于水的隐色体钠盐。隐色体对纤维素纤维有很好的亲和力的原因是染料的分子较大，进而与纤维之间产生较大的范德华力和氢键作用力。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><section data-id="85816" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section label="Copyright © 2015 Yead All Rights Reserved." style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(82, 132, 210); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">三、硫化染料的分类</strong></span></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">硫化染料发展至今可分为四大类：</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1、粉状硫化染料</strong></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">染料结构通式：D-S-S-D，一般需用硫化钠沸煮，溶解后应用。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2、水解性硫化染料</strong></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">染料结构通式：D-SSO3Na，这类染料是用亚硫酸钠或亚硫酸氢钠处理传统硫化染料而成，染料中含水溶性基团，故呈水溶性，但染料中不含还原剂，对纤维无亲和性，一般采取悬浮体轧染方式施加在织物上。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3、液体硫化染料</strong></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">染料结构通式为：D-SNa，含一定量的还原剂，将染料预还原成可溶性的隐色体。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1936年以前，硫化染料是以粉状剂型作为其商品形态的，使用时将粉状硫化染料与硫化、,纯碱水溶液共热至沸使其溶解。1936年,美国的约翰·勒·克利斯特制得了预还原好的、相当稳定的硫化染料浓溶液，并取得了专利，这就是现在众所周知的液体硫化染料。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">4、环保型硫化染料</strong></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在生产过程中精制成染料隐色体，但含硫量和多硫化物量远低于普通硫化染料。该染料纯度高，还原度稳定，渗透性好，同时在染浴中采用葡萄糖和保险粉的二元还原剂，既能还原硫化染料又能起到环保作用。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><section data-id="85816" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section label="Copyright © 2015 Yead All Rights Reserved." style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(82, 132, 210); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">四、硫化染料的染色过程</strong></span></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">硫化染色过程可以分为下列四个步骤：</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><h3 style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1、染料的还原</strong></h3><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">还原溶解硫化染料比较容易，常用硫化钠作为还原剂，它还起碱剂的作用。为防止隐色体被水解，可适当的加入纯碱等物质，但还原浴碱性不能过强，否则染料还原速率变慢。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><h3 style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2、染液中的染料隐色体被纤维吸附</strong></h3><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">硫化染料的隐色体在染液中以阴离子状态存在，它对纤维素纤维有直接性，能吸附在纤维表面并扩散进入纤维内部。硫化染料隐色体对纤维素纤维的直接性较低，一般采用小浴比，同时加入适当电解质，在较高温度下可使上染速率提升，匀染性和透染性得到改善。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><h3 style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3、氧化处理</strong></h3><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">硫化染料隐色体上染于纤维后，必须经氧化，才能显示出所需的颜色。氧化是硫化染料染色后的一个重要步骤。对易氧化的硫化染料染色后经水洗和透风就能被空气氧化，即用空气氧化法；对一些不易氧化的硫化染料，则采用氧化剂处理以促进氧化。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><h3 style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">4、后处理</strong></h3><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">后处理包括净洗、上油、防脆和固色等。硫化染料染后一定要充分水洗，以减少织物上残留的硫，防止织物脆损，因为染料中的硫及硫化碱中的硫易在空气中氧化生成硫酸，对纤维素纤维会引起酸水解而降强，使纤维脆损。因此可用防脆损剂处理，如：尿素、磷酸三钠、骨胶、醋酸钠等。为提高硫化染料的日晒和皂洗牢度，可在染色后进行固色。固色处理的方法有两种：金属盐类处理(如：重铬酸钾、硫酸铜、醋酸铜及这些盐类的混合物)和阳离子型固色剂处理。</p></section></section></section></section>