<p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 23.2727px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 20px; background-color: rgb(136, 136, 136); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">纺织纤维</span></p><hr style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.2727px; text-align: center; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">分为天然纤维和化学纤维。天然纤维分为植物纤维又称天然纤维素纤维，动物纤维又称天然蛋白纤维，矿物纤维又称天然无机纤维；化学纤维分为人造纤维或再生纤维（再生纤维素纤维如粘胶纤维、铜氨纤维、醋酯纤维，蛋白质纤维如大豆纤维等，人造特种有机化合物纤维如甲壳素纤维，人造无机纤维如玻璃纤维），合成纤维（由天然小分子化合物经人工合成有机聚合物后再溶解或者熔融成液体后抽拔成的纤维）按照组成物质分为聚酯纤维（涤纶），聚酰胺纤维（锦纶），聚丙烯腈纤维（腈纶）。&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 23.2727px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 20px; background-color: rgb(136, 136, 136); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">化学纤维分类</span></p><hr style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 23.2727px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">是指用天然的或者合成的聚合物为原料，经过化学方法和机械加工制成的纤维。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 23.2727px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <b>a/</b>按照高聚物的来源分再生纤维和合成纤维。采用天然聚合物为原料，经过化学方法与机械加工而再生制得的，与原聚合物在化学组成上基本相同的纤维。如粘胶纤维、铜氨纤维、醋酯纤维等都是利用自然界中存在的含有纤维素的物质如棉短绒、木材、甘蔗渣、芦苇等纤维素做成滴滴纤维。再生纤维包括再生纤维素纤维和再生蛋白质纤维。合成纤维是利用低分子化合物（单体）为原料，经过人工合成与机械加工而制得的纤维。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; line-height: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 23.2727px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>&nbsp;b/</b>按内部组成分聚酯纤维，这类纤维主要品种是聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯纤维，商品名称涤纶；聚酰胺纤维，分子主链由酰胺键连接起来的一类合成纤维，商品名称锦纶；聚丙烯腈纤维商品名称腈纶；聚乙烯醇缩甲醛纤维商品名为维纶；聚丙烯纤维商品名称为丙纶；聚氯乙烯纤维商品名称为氯纶。再生纤维中的粘胶纤维、铜氨纤维、醋酯纤维都是纤维素纤维，统称再生纤维素纤维。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; line-height: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 23.2727px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c/</b>按照结构形态，按照化学纤维的形态特征可分为长丝和短纤维两大类；按照化学纤维的截面形态和结构，分为异型纤维和复合纤维；按照纤维粗细可以分为粗特、细特、超细纤维等。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; line-height: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 23.2727px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;长丝又可分为单丝、复丝与变形丝：</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;">单丝中只有一根纤维，复丝中包括多种单丝，一般用于织造的长丝大多为复丝；经过变形加工的化学纤维称为变形丝或者弹力丝，由于加工方法不同，变形丝分为捻回性和非捻回性两种，捻回性变形丝呈规则的螺旋型，以假捻方法加工为主，非捻回性变形丝呈波形、圈形及各种不规则的卷曲形，常见的变形丝如高弹锦纶丝、丙纶弹力丝、低弹涤纶丝等。短纤维又分为等长纤维和不等长纤维，一般棉纤维都是等长的，一部分毛型化纤加工成不等长的，使加工得到的产品具有毛型的风格。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; line-height: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 23.2727px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;在化学纤维的横截面上具有两种或者两种以上的组分或者成份的纤维称为复合纤维。常用的为双组分复合纤维，两个组分并列的叫并列型或者双侧型复合纤维，这种纤维具有良好的卷曲性能，皮芯型复合纤维可产生多种效应，如改善染色性、耐磨性和橡胶的黏附性；两种组分在截面中呈分散状的称为海岛型复合纤维。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; line-height: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 23.2727px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;用非圆形喷丝板加工的非圆形截面的纤维称为异型纤维。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; line-height: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 23.2727px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;超细纤维采用常规纺丝改进法或特种纺丝加工，大多数制造人造麂皮，细旦纤维大多用于制仿丝绸类织物。</span></p>