<section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor"><section data-role="paragraph" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="94095" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; background: rgb(247, 247, 247); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; background: url(&quot;https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/oEmic8icXFkbeWia2MeICWZZ8P8M0pmZoyM5icyYurXrAibzicQSzCQb1muvmaf0qRAtarUbT0ZcwalzXIwLEOUhFAIQ/640?wx_fmt=png&quot;) 50% 0% / 100% no-repeat; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; background: url(&quot;https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/oEmic8icXFkbeWia2MeICWZZ8P8M0pmZoyM5icyYurXrAibzicQSzCQb1muvmaf0qRAtarUbT0ZcwalzXIwLEOUhFAIQ/640?wx_fmt=png&quot;) 50% 100% / 100% no-repeat; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-autoskip="1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 1.75em; color: rgb(63, 62, 63); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">色牢度是纺织品的重要质量指标之一。所谓色牢度是指染色纺织品在物理和化学作用下，颜色保持坚牢的程度，即染色纺织品色泽受外界影响坚牢程度成为染色牢度。</span>以试验后试样的色泽变化，白布沾色程度的评定等级表示色牢度的好坏。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">色牢度各种项目中，最常用的色牢度有耐摩擦色牢度、耐汗渍色牢度、耐洗色牢度、耐光色牢度、耐水浸色牢度、耐刷洗色牢度、耐气候色牢度等项目。</span></p></section><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="90395" data-color="#9ca8b8" data-custom="#9ca8b8" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 20px 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 168, 184); border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 168, 184); display: -webkit-flex; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-brushtype="text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 25px; height: auto; border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 168, 184); border-top-color: rgb(156, 168, 184); border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 168, 184); border-bottom-color: rgb(156, 168, 184); font-size: 18px; text-align: center; color: rgb(156, 168, 184); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">概 &nbsp; 念</span></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(156, 168, 184); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">耐摩擦色牢度是纺织品色牢度检验的一项，也是纺织品在贸易过程中最常见的检验项目之一，它是是指纺织品的颜色耐摩擦的能力，分为干摩擦和湿摩擦。</span></p></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">其原理是将规定尺寸的纺织试样用夹紧装置将试样固定在摩擦试验仪平台，再分别与一块干摩擦布和一块湿摩擦布摩擦，最后以白布沾色程度作为评价依据，对照标准灰色样卡，共分5个等级，等级越大，表示摩擦牢度越好，摩擦牢度差的织物会严重影响其使用。</span></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="92364" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-role="paragraph" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: left; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 100%; display: -webkit-flex; align-items: center; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px -7px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 12px; height: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); background-image: url(&quot;https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/oEmic8icXFkbeWia2MeICWZZ8P8M0pmZoyMwMyItsPib2FfguObxSjsmicaKfOSIxZbn5s15WaowrhibqcWSKNYc9Qvg/640?wx_fmt=png&quot;); background-color: rgb(67, 67, 67); background-size: 100%; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; visibility: visible; transform: translateZ(10px); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; height: 35px; line-height: 35px; border-width: 2px; border-style: dotted; border-color: rgb(67, 67, 67); color: rgb(70, 70, 70); background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">干摩擦测试</strong></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: justify; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">将一块（50×50）mm摩擦布（标准白棉布），在标准大气下（温度20℃±2℃,湿度65%±4%），调湿（4个小时以上）后平放在摩擦头上，使摩擦布的方向与摩擦头的允许方向一致，运行速度为每秒一个往复摩擦循环，共摩擦10个循环，在试样上摩擦的动程为（104±3）mm，施加的向下压力为（9±0.2）N，完成整个10个循环后，取下摩擦布，调湿（4个小时以上），并除去摩擦布上可能影响评级的任何多余纤维。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="92364" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: left; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 100%; display: -webkit-flex; align-items: center; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px -7px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 12px; height: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); background-image: url(&quot;https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/oEmic8icXFkbeWia2MeICWZZ8P8M0pmZoyMwMyItsPib2FfguObxSjsmicaKfOSIxZbn5s15WaowrhibqcWSKNYc9Qvg/640?wx_fmt=png&quot;); background-color: rgb(67, 67, 67); background-size: 100%; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; visibility: visible; transform: translateZ(10px); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; height: 35px; line-height: 35px; border-width: 2px; border-style: dotted; border-color: rgb(67, 67, 67); color: rgb(70, 70, 70); background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">湿摩擦测试</strong></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">将称量后的一块摩擦布，完全浸入蒸馏水中，取出，重新称量摩擦布，确保摩擦布的含水率达到95%-100%，然后操作方法同干摩擦。</span></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="92364" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: left; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 100%; display: -webkit-flex; align-items: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px -7px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 12px; height: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); background-image: url(&quot;https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/oEmic8icXFkbeWia2MeICWZZ8P8M0pmZoyMwMyItsPib2FfguObxSjsmicaKfOSIxZbn5s15WaowrhibqcWSKNYc9Qvg/640?wx_fmt=png&quot;); background-color: rgb(67, 67, 67); background-size: 100%; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; transform: translateZ(10px); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; height: 35px; line-height: 35px; border-width: 2px; border-style: dotted; border-color: rgb(67, 67, 67); color: rgb(70, 70, 70); background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp;<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">评 &nbsp; 级</strong>&nbsp;</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-top: 15px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">最后我们要把摩擦后调湿好的摩擦布拿到评级室在标准光源箱内，用评定沾色用灰色样卡，评定摩擦布的沾色级数，（注:每个被评摩擦布的背面放置三层摩擦布）</span><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86269" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-top: 2px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(222, 222, 222); line-height: 28px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; padding-right: 12px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.3em; color: rgb(108, 124, 156); height: 1.3em; display: inline-block; background-image: url(&quot;https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/oEmic8icXFkbeWia2MeICWZZ8P8M0pmZoyMsSVsWkMLiawJPlxZlbUPGhSyDG12HJru3dvFedJWHmCiaia2rgD8dgeqQ/640?wx_fmt=png&quot;); background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: 100% 12px; background-repeat: no-repeat; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong>常用标准</strong></span></p></section></section><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">耐摩擦色牢度常用的标准有GB/T 3920—2008、AATCC 8—2007、AATCC 116—2010和JIS L 0849—2004。我们通过下表来看一下这四种标准的异同。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; caret-color: red;">不同的检测标准对样布大小要求有差异，客户在准备样布时，若被测试样是织物或地毯：准备两组尺寸不小于50 mm× 140mm的试样，每组各两块。（取样时，一块织物平行于经纱，另一块织物平行于纬纱。）另外一种取样方法是试样的长度方向与织物的经纬向成一定的角度取样。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果是绒毛织物且绒毛容易辨别，剪取试样时绒毛的顺向应与织物的长度方向一致。一般情况下，国标和欧标采用经纬向各取一块的方式，而美标采用倾斜45度角的方式。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">若被测织物是纱线：需将其编织成织物，试样尺寸不小于50 mm× 140mm，或沿纸板的长度方向将纱线平行缠绕于试样尺寸相同的纸板上，均匀的平铺成一层。</span></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86269" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-top: 2px solid rgb(153, 153, 153); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(222, 222, 222); line-height: 28px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; padding-right: 12px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.3em; color: rgb(108, 124, 156); height: 1.3em; display: inline-block; background-image: url(&quot;https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/oEmic8icXFkbeWia2MeICWZZ8P8M0pmZoyMsSVsWkMLiawJPlxZlbUPGhSyDG12HJru3dvFedJWHmCiaia2rgD8dgeqQ/640?wx_fmt=png&quot;); background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: 100% 12px; background-repeat: no-repeat; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong>耐摩擦色牢度的影响因素</strong></span></p></section></section><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86134" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 28px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span data-original-title="" title="" aria-describedby="tooltip205791" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1</span></strong></span></section><section style="margin: -1.2em 0px 0.65em; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="20%" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-top: 1px solid rgb(33, 33, 34); border-right-color: rgb(33, 33, 34); border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 33, 34); border-left-color: rgb(33, 33, 34); width: 20%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">织物表面形态的影响</span></strong></p></section></section><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">由于未固着染料是造成摩擦色牢度差的主要原因，在干态条件下，对于表面粗糙或磨绒、起毛织物，坚硬如麻类织物，牛仔面料和涂料印花织物，若进行干摩擦极易将织物表面堆积的染料、涂料或其他有色物质磨下来，甚至造成部分有色纤维断裂并形成有色微粒，使耐干摩擦色牢度进一步下降。对磨绒或起毛织物而言，织物表面的绒毛与摩擦布表面呈一定的夹角，并不是平行的，从而使摩擦头在做往复运动时的摩擦阻力增大，使这类织物的耐干摩擦色牢度下降。</span></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86134" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 28px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span data-original-title="" title="" data-num="2" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2</span></strong></span></section><section style="margin: -1.2em 0px 0.65em; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="20%" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-top: 1px solid rgb(33, 33, 34); border-right-color: rgb(33, 33, 34); border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 33, 34); border-left-color: rgb(33, 33, 34); width: 20%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">织物结构的影响</span></strong></p></section></section><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">轻薄型的织物（通常都是合成纤维或丝绸类织物）的试样表面，由于织物结构相对比较疏松，在进行干摩擦时，样品在压力和摩擦力的作用下会随摩擦头的运动而发生部分的滑移，从而使摩擦阻力增大，且摩擦效率提高。但在进行湿摩擦时，情况则与纤维素纤维完全不同。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">由于纤维的吸湿性极低或水膨化效应不明显，且水的存在起到了润滑剂的作用，这使得此类织物的耐湿摩擦色牢度要明显优于耐干摩擦色牢度。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">因此，对某些特定的织物，耐湿摩擦色牢度优于耐干摩擦色牢度的现象并不鲜见。此时，所选用的染料品种、染料的性能、染色和后整理的工艺条件等，虽然也会对耐摩擦色牢度产生影响，但与织物的组织结构和表面形态等物理因素相比，就显得不是非常重要了。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">发生此类情况的大多还是深色的产品，如黑、红和藏青等。当然，对灯芯绒、斜纹棉布和涂料印花等织物来说，在湿态条件下，由于其本身所采用的染料和印染工艺等原因，其耐湿摩擦色牢度通常为2级，甚至更低，并不优于其耐干摩擦色牢度。</span></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86134" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 28px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span data-original-title="" title="" data-num="3" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3</span></strong></span></section><section style="margin: -1.2em 0px 0.65em; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="20%" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-top: 1px solid rgb(33, 33, 34); border-right-color: rgb(33, 33, 34); border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 33, 34); border-left-color: rgb(33, 33, 34); width: 20%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span data-brushtype="text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">活性染料化学结构的影响</span></strong></p></section></section><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">用活性染料染色的纤维素纤维织物在进行耐湿摩擦色牢度实验时，引起颜色转移的因素主要有两个：一是水溶性的染料在摩擦时被转移到了摩擦织物上，使原样褪色并使摩擦布沾色；二是部分染色的纤维在摩擦时发生断裂，形成微小的有色纤维颗粒并被转移到摩擦织物上，造成沾色。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">可能影响活性染料耐湿摩擦色牢度的因素有：活性染料自身的结构与特性；织物的性质；前处理效果、布面破损及表面光洁度等；染色工艺及染色后皂洗的效果；织物染色后的固色处理效果；染色织物后整理的影响等。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">研究表明，虽然不同化学结构的活性染料与纤维素纤维形成的共价键强度、键的稳定性和附着力存在一定的差异，但对染色织物的耐湿摩擦色牢度的影响却无明显的差异。染色织物进行湿摩擦时，染料与纤维之间形成的共价键并不会断裂而产生浮色。而发生转移的染料通常是过饱和的、未与纤维形成共价键的、仅靠范德华力而产生吸附作用的染料，即所谓的浮色。</span></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86134" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 28px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span data-original-title="" title="" data-num="4" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">4</span></strong></span></section><section style="margin: -1.2em 0px 0.65em; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="20%" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-top: 1px solid rgb(33, 33, 34); border-right-color: rgb(33, 33, 34); border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 33, 34); border-left-color: rgb(33, 33, 34); width: 20%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span data-brushtype="text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">活性染料染色程度的影响</span></strong></p></section></section><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">活性染料染色织物的耐湿摩擦色牢度与染色的深度紧密关联，即在进行湿摩擦时，颜色的转移量与染色深度近乎成良好的线性关系。过量的染料并不能与纤维结合，而只能在织物表面堆积而形成浮色，严重影响织物的耐湿摩擦色牢度。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">未经特殊处理的棉纤维在湿态条件下会发生膨润，摩擦力增大，纤维强力下降，这些都为有色纤维的断裂、脱落和颜色的转移创造了良好的条件。因此，在染色前对纤维素纤维进行适当的前处理，如丝光、烧毛、纤维素酶光洁处理、煮练、漂白、洗涤、烘干，可以提高织物表面的光洁度和毛效、降低摩擦阻力、减少浮色，从而有效改善织物的耐湿摩擦色牢度。</span></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86134" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 28px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span data-original-title="" title="" data-num="5" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">5</span></strong></span></section><section style="margin: -1.2em 0px 0.65em; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="20%" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-top: 1px solid rgb(33, 33, 34); border-right-color: rgb(33, 33, 34); border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 33, 34); border-left-color: rgb(33, 33, 34); width: 20%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">柔软剂的影响</span></strong></p></section></section><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">通过柔软整理提高活性染料印花色牢度。柔软剂具有润滑作用，可降低摩擦系数，从而防止染料脱落。阳离子型柔软剂还可和阴离子型染料形成色淀，染料不易脱落。同时，色淀使染料溶解度下降，可改善湿摩擦牢度。但具有亲水性基团的柔软剂不利于湿摩擦牢度的提高。在生产实践过程中，可以通过使用固色剂来封闭染料的水溶性基团，控制成品色布的布面pH值，去除浮色，提高织物的平滑程度，从而提高织物的耐湿摩擦牢度。得当的前段预烘可以避免染料“泳移”。需要注意的因素有碱剂用量、汽蒸时间、水洗的方式、充分的皂洗等，前两者与染料的水解程度紧密相关，后两者与染品浮色直接有关。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">染色后的织物特别是长车轧染，要经过充分的水洗、皂洗等过程，去除纤维表面浮色和未反应及水解的染料，以免影响色牢度，如不注重染色的后处理，将会造成很差的色牢度，同时色光也会变得萎暗。</span></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="93595" data-color="#9ca8b8" data-custom="#9ca8b8" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: flex; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 60px; height: 30px; display: flex; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 10px; height: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(156, 168, 184); border-radius: 50%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><section style="margin: -15px 0px 0px; padding: 1em 0.8em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 1.75em; border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 168, 184); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 168, 184); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在上述的影响织物摩擦色牢度的因素中，各因素的作用原理相差很大，影响程度也各不相同。色牢度问题看似简单，但所涉及的因素却相当复杂。多年来，无论是在染料研究和生产领域，还是在纺织染整加工领域，人们投入了大量的人力和物力，努力解决纺织产品的色牢度问题，并取得了长足的进展，各种新的染料、新的工艺和新的助剂不断涌现，但存在的问题仍很多，有待于解决。</section></section></section></section></section>