<section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com"><section class="_135editor" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="109683"><section style="margin: 10px auto;"><section style="display: inline-block;"><section class="assistant" style="width: 100%; height: 4px; background-color: rgb(255, 189, 74); margin-bottom: 2px; overflow: hidden;" data-width="100%"></section><section style="width: 34px; height: 38px; background-color: rgb(255, 240, 158); border-radius: 0px 0px 10px;"><section style="font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;color: #ffbd4a;line-height: 38px;text-align: center;"><p style="vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em;"><strong>0</strong><strong class="autonum" data-original-title="" title="">1</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="background-color: rgb(239, 245, 254); padding: 35px 15px 30px; margin: -30px 10px -10px 0px;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: rgb(82, 82, 82); background: transparent;"><p style="vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em;">　　退浆是指去除织物上浆料的工艺过程。棉、粘胶以及合成纤维等织物的经纱，在织造前大都先经过浆纱。浆料在染整过程中会影响织物的吸水性能，还影响染整产品的质量，且会增加染化药品的消耗，故在煮练前应先去除浆料。棉织物退浆兼有去除纤维中部分杂质的作用；合成纤维织物有时可在精练过程中同时退浆。</p><p style="vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em;"><br></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="109615"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px auto;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: flex-start;flex-shrink: 0;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-ms-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);"><section class="assistant" style="width: 14px; flex-shrink: 0; transform: rotate(0deg);"><img class="assistant" style="vertical-align: inherit; width: 100%; display: block;" src="https://image2.135editor.com/cache/remote/aHR0cHM6Ly9tbWJpei5xbG9nby5jbi9tbWJpel9wbmcvSmFGdlB2dkEySjFTWmhVVlQ2Q2hLMFRENjNJdzBUMmVwZFJETjdCYUJFbDRrc0hvR0xuSUFJOGxXdjdHbG16M29vMDlqZkM0MmV0aWJsU1VhWGRnNlRBLzA/d3hfZm10PXBuZw==" data-width="100%" data-ratio="1.0909090909090908" data-w="22"></section><section style="width: 38px; height: 38px; background-color: rgb(254, 233, 230); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: -5px;"><section style="letter-spacing: 1px; color: rgb(239, 97, 101); line-height: 38px;"><br></section></section></section><section style="width: 100%; margin-top: -17px;" data-width="100%"><img style="vertical-align: inherit; width: 100%; display: block; border-radius: 12px;" src="https://bcn.135editor.com/files/users/390/3900717/202202/wKyB9CSj_fFOq.jpg" hm_fix="341:346" data-width="100%" data-ratio="0.426" data-w="1000"></section></section></section><p style="vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em; text-align: center;" align="center"><br></p><p style="vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em;">　　各类织物退浆的方法随浆纱所用的浆料而不同，常用的有四种方法：热水退浆法、碱液退浆法、酶退浆法、氧化剂退浆法。</p><p style="vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em;">　　棉织物上的浆料可采用碱退浆、酶退浆、酸退浆和氧化剂退浆等方法，将其从织物上退除。碱退浆使浆料膨化，与纤维粘着力下降，经水洗从织物上退除。酶、酸、氧化剂使淀粉降解，在水中溶解度增大，经水洗退除。由于酸、氧化剂对棉纤损伤大，很少单独使用，常与酶退浆、碱退浆联合使用。</p><section class="_135editor" data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="109762"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px auto;"><section style="display: inline-block;"><section class="assistant" style="width: 28%; height: 1px; background-color: rgb(243, 125, 103); overflow: hidden; transform: translate(-7px, 0px);" data-width="28%"></section><section style="display: flex;"><section style="display: flex;"><section class="assistant" style="width: 1px; height: 30px; background-color: rgb(243, 125, 103); overflow: hidden; transform: translate(0px, -5px);"></section></section><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: flex-end;"><section style="padding: 10px 15px;"><section style="letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: rgb(243, 125, 103);"><strong class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" hm_fix="300:472">织物退浆效果的评定</strong></section></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 32px; flex-shrink: 0;"><img class="assistant" style="vertical-align: inherit; width: 100%; display: block; transform: rotateY(180deg);" src="https://image2.135editor.com/cache/remote/aHR0cHM6Ly9tbWJpei5xbG9nby5jbi9tbWJpel9naWYvSmFGdlB2dkEySjBWM1JoQmF1VDZHTkhlR3lDaWJOSUd3TXVzbWxsU3pUeERmd2FnZmpsU0o1SEtyVXZPbFZuRjhWNzEycDZXU0ZiYzVWQWRaeWF2bEFnLzA/d3hfZm10PWdpZg==" data-width="100%" data-ratio="1.131578947368421" data-w="380"></section></section></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 90%; height: 1px; background-color: rgb(243, 125, 103); overflow: hidden;" data-width="90%"></section></section></section></section><p style="vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em;"><br></p><p style="vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em;">　　退浆率(%)=(坯布含浆率-退浆后织物含浆率)/坯布含浆率</p><p style="vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em;">　　生产中要求退浆率在80%以上，或残留浆对织物重在1%以下。</p></section></section><section style="display: flex;align-items: center;justify-content: flex-end;"><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden;"></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden;"></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden;"></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden;"></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden;"></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden;"></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden;"></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden;"></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden;"></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); 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height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden;"></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden;"></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden;"></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden;"></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden;"></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden;"></section><section class="assistant" style="width: 3px; height: 3px; background-color: rgb(140, 183, 246); 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