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2023-02-21 10:02:32
<section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor"><section data-role="outer" label="edit by 135editor" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; visibility: visible; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">聚酰胺(PA)俗称尼龙，是一种集力学性能、耐热性、耐化学性和自润滑性等于一体的工程塑料，广泛应用于汽车、电子电气、机械、纺织、日用品等领域。</span></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; visibility: visible; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">然而</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 104, 39); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">PA的氧指数较低，易燃烧而引发火灾</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">，PA的燃烧是一个伴随着氧化降解的过程。PA首先熔融致使材料形成黏流态，随着热量的传递，分子链段将会断裂形成自由基，生成乙烷、丙烷等气体。</span></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 1px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">目前PA阻燃方法有两种：</span></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1)反应型。将阻燃剂单体接枝到PA主链上或与PA单体发生共聚反应，该体系得到的复合材料较稳定，材料性能受阻燃剂的影响不大，但该方法操作加工比较复杂，难以工业化生产；</span></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2)添加型。采用机械共混的方法将PA与添加型无卤阻燃剂(如磷、氮系列阻燃剂、无机填料等)共混形成均匀的复合材料。该方法易操作，成为目前PA阻燃的主要途径。</span></section><p style="margin-top: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">阻燃等级通常使用垂直燃烧测试标准进行评判，可将其分为V-0、V-1、V-2级，其中V-0级别的阻燃效果最好。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">尼龙阻燃剂</span></strong></p><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">现存的阻燃剂按品种可分为</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 104, 39); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">卤系阻燃剂、磷系阻燃剂、氮系阻燃剂、金属氢氧化物阻燃剂</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">等。其中，卤系阻燃剂由于在高温时容易产生有毒气体已经被很多国家禁用。</span></section><p style="margin-top: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 104, 39); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">对于尼龙来说，阻燃剂必须有较好的热稳定性以适应高加工温度，同时还要有较好的相容性。</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><section style="margin: 15px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1.溴化苯乙烯聚合物 </span></strong></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">优点</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">：具有极其优越的热稳定性，并且由于它与尼龙是熔融可混的，因而在加工过程中具有很好的流动性。此外，用它制备的阻燃尼龙还具有优越的电性能和较好的物理机械性能。</span></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">缺点</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">：光稳定性较差，与尼龙不能完全相容且成本较高</span></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""></section><section style="margin: 15px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2.德克隆（也称敌可燃、DCRP）</span></strong></section><p style="margin-top: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">DCRP是一种在尼龙中应用了许多年的阻燃剂，它是一种含氯的阻燃剂，具有较高的阻燃效率和电性能，但其在热稳定性方面的局限性使之仅适用于加工温度较低的尼龙阻燃体系。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><section style="margin: 15px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3.十溴联苯醚 </span></strong></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">优点</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">：成本低廉因而在国内应用最广，由于其较高的溴含量而对尼龙具有较高的阻燃效率。</span></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">缺点</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">：是一种填料型阻燃剂，因而对加工流动性及产品的物理机械性能有很大的负面影响。且其热稳定性和光稳定性也较差。</span></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""></section><section style="margin: 15px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">4.十溴二苯氧基乙烷</span></strong></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">优点</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">：与十溴联苯醚具有相同的溴含量和同样高的阻燃效率，且与溴化苯乙烯聚合物一样无DPO的问题。还具有较好的热稳定性和光稳定性。</span></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">缺点</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">：填料型阻燃剂，因此与聚合物相容性较差，加工流动性和制品的物理机械性能较差。此外与十溴联苯醚相比成本较高。</span></section><p style="margin-top: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">5. 红磷 </span></strong><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">优点</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">：有效磷含量高,同等阻燃等级下,添加量比其它的阻燃剂更低,使尼龙能较好的保持自身的力学性能。</span></section><p style="margin-top: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">缺点</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">：制品颜色只能是红颜色，且红磷易燃，能与水反应生成高毒性的磷化氢。一般只应用于尼龙6中。（将普通红磷进行微胶囊化或母粒化可规避其缺点。）</span></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><section style="margin: 15px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">6. 聚磷酸铵(APP)</span></strong></section><p style="margin-top: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">聚磷酸铵(APP)通过降低尼龙的降解温度、改变最终气相产物的组成参与了尼龙的热降解过程,同时在聚合物基体上形成蜂窝状炭化覆盖层,隔断两相界面的热量和物质传递,起到了保护基体的作用。</span></p><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">由于成炭有流动趋势,会导致炭层下面的基材暴露,增大了燃烧的危险性。加入一些无机添加剂,如滑石粉(Talc)、<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">MnO</span><sub style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2、</span></sub></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">ZnCO</span><sub style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3、</span></sub></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Ca<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">CO</span><sub style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3、</span></sub><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">F</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">e<sub style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2</sub>O<sub style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3</sub></span>、FeO、<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Al(OH</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">)<sub style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3</sub></span>等, 阻燃效果增加。</span></section><p style="margin-top: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 104, 39); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在聚磷酸铵(APP)添加量为20%的尼龙6中加入以上一种添加剂(1.5%～3.0%),LOI值可升至35%～47%,达到V0级。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-top: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0.544px; caret-color: red; outline-style: initial; max-width: 100%;"><span style="outline-style: initial; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px;">7. 氮系阻燃剂(MCA、MPP等)</span></strong></p><section style="margin: 15px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">适用于尼龙的氮系阻燃剂主要有</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 104, 39); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">MCA(三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐)、MPP(三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐)等。</span></strong></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">关于其阻燃机理,一方面是“升华吸热”的物理阻燃方式,即通过阻燃剂的“升华吸热”降低聚合物材料的表面温度并隔绝空气而达到阻燃的目的，另一方面是凝聚相中阻燃剂与尼龙相互催化直接碳化膨胀机理。</span></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">优点</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">：氮系阻燃剂低毒、不腐蚀、对热和紫外线稳定、阻燃效率好且价廉。</span></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 15px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">缺点</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">：以其阻燃的塑料加工困难、在基材中分散性较差、热稳定性差，且由于易吸潮而使得制品在潮湿环境下电性能较差。</span></section></section>