<section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor"><section class="_135editor" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="113753"><section style="margin: 20px auto;"><section style="transform-style: preserve-3d"><section class="assistant" style="width: 20px; margin: auto; transform: translateZ(10px);"><img class="assistant" style="vertical-align: inherit; width: 100%; display: block; transform: rotate(-45deg); max-width: 100% !important;" src="https://bcn.135editor.com/files/images/editor_styles/592c453ec707ab387e09cf073ac6b2a5.png" data-width="100%" draggable="false"></section><section style="padding: 0 10px;margin-top: -20px;transform: translateZ(5px);transform: translateZ(5px);-webkit-transform: translateZ(5px);-moz-transform: translateZ(5px);-ms-transform: translateZ(5px);-o-transform: translateZ(5px);"><section style="background-color: #f4f8fc;transform: rotate(-7deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(-7deg);-moz-transform: rotate(-7deg);-ms-transform: rotate(-7deg);-o-transform: rotate(-7deg);"><section style="background-color: #ffffffff;border: 1px solid #77b5f7;transform: rotate(7deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(7deg);-moz-transform: rotate(7deg);-ms-transform: rotate(7deg);-o-transform: rotate(7deg);"><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background: transparent; padding: 25px 15px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">所谓印花，就是将染料或涂料制成色浆，局部施敷于纺织品上，印制出花纹图案的加工过程。为了完成纺织品印花所采用额加工手段，称为印花工艺。</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="113758"><section style="margin: 20px auto;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;"><section style="background: url(https://bcn.135editor.com/files/images/editor_styles/28fa78075dddbf8019c0c8b032cafc59.png) no-repeat center center;background-size: 100%;padding: 10px 25px;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;"><section style="font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;color: #ffffff;text-align: right;"><strong>NO.</strong><strong class="autonum" data-original-title="" title="">1</strong></section><section style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); padding-left: 5px;"><strong class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" hm_fix="322:262">概念</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">涂料印花&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px;"><strong><br></strong>涂料印花是借助于高分子聚合物（粘合剂），应用不溶于水的有色物质（颜料）在织物上形成坚牢、透明、耐磨的有色薄膜，将涂料机械地固着在织物上的印花方法。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br></span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">染料印花&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px;"><strong><br></strong>从染料上染纤维的机理而言，印花和染色是相同的，只是在印花中某一颜色的染料按花纹图案要求局部施敷在纺织品上，经过一定处理完成染料上染纤维，进而在纺织品上得到具有一种或多种颜色的印花产品。所以，印花也可以说是“局部染色”。</span></p><section class="_135editor" data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="113758"><section style="margin: 20px auto;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;"><section style="background: url(https://bcn.135editor.com/files/images/editor_styles/28fa78075dddbf8019c0c8b032cafc59.png) no-repeat center center;background-size: 100%;padding: 10px 25px;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;"><section style="font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;color: #ffffff;text-align: right;"><strong>NO.</strong><strong class="autonum" data-original-title="" title="" data-num="2">2</strong></section><section style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); padding-left: 5px;" hm_fix="291:269"><strong class="135brush" data-brushtype="text">基本原理</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">涂料的着色原理&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px;"><strong><br></strong>涂料印花是截止于粘合剂在织物上形成坚牢、透明、耐磨的薄膜，从而将涂料机械地固着在织物上的印花方法。<br>染料的着色原料&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>染色时通过染料（或颜料）和纺织材料发生物理的、化学的或物理化学的结合，使纺织材料获得鲜艳、坚牢色泽的加工过程。<br></span></p><section class="_135editor" data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="113758"><section style="margin: 20px auto;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;"><section style="background: url(https://bcn.135editor.com/files/images/editor_styles/28fa78075dddbf8019c0c8b032cafc59.png) no-repeat center center;background-size: 100%;padding: 10px 25px;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;"><section style="font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;color: #ffffff;text-align: right;" hm_fix="285:247"><strong>NO.</strong><strong class="autonum" data-original-title="" title="" data-num="3">3</strong></section><section style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); padding-left: 5px;"><strong class="135brush" data-brushtype="text">优缺点</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">涂料印花&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></strong><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br></span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">优点：</span></strong><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br>使用简单、工艺简便，劳动生产率高，可减少废水排放<br>色谱广，耐晒度较高，印花的线条、轮廓清晰<br>适用于特殊的印花方法，还可做拔染、防染印花<br>拼色容易，色光重演性好<br>适用于各种纤维材料的织物印花，尤其是混纺织物。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br></span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">缺点：</span></strong><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br>手感较差，干、湿摩擦牢度不好<br>乳化糊中用到火油，污染空气；制备黏合剂的单体大多有毒<br>色泽鲜艳度不及与其具有相当结构的染料印花<br>黏合剂容易结皮，较易堵塞网眼</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br></span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">染料印花（以活性染料为例）</span></strong></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px;"><b><br></b>品种多，色谱齐全，色泽鲜艳<br>调制色浆方便，印花工艺简单，效果好，疵病少<br>湿处理牢度较好<br>印花成本较低，易于拼色</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br></span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">缺点：</span></strong><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br>大多数不耐氯气，固色率低，有些活性染料的直接性（亲和力）较大，在皂洗时易造成沾色，尤其是印深浓色时。<br></span></p><section class="_135editor" data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="113758"><section style="margin: 20px auto;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;"><section style="background: url(https://bcn.135editor.com/files/images/editor_styles/28fa78075dddbf8019c0c8b032cafc59.png) no-repeat center center;background-size: 100%;padding: 10px 25px;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;"><section style="font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;color: #ffffff;text-align: right;"><strong>NO.</strong><strong class="autonum" data-original-title="" title="" data-num="4">4</strong></section><section style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); padding-left: 5px;"><strong class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" hm_fix="338:259">区别</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><span style="font-size: 15px;">染料印花和涂料印花最大的区别就在于涂料印花是以物理粘合的方式和织物结合的，而染料印花是以范德华力直接和织物结合的。<br>涂料料印花可用于任何纤维纺织品的加工，在混纺、交织物的印花上更具有优越性，且工艺简单、色谱较广，花形轮廓清晰，但手感不佳，摩擦牢度不高。它们的耐光牢度和耐干洗牢度良好，甚至称得上优秀，因此广泛用于装饰织物、窗帘织物以及需要干洗的服装面料。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br></span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">如何区分染料印花和涂料印花</span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br></span></strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">通过比较同一块织物上印花部位和未印花部位的硬度差异，可以区别涂料印花和染料印花。涂料印花区域比未印花区域的手感稍硬一些，也许更厚一点。如果织物是用染料印花的，其印花部位和未印花部位就没有明显的硬度差异。</span></p></section>