<section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor"><section class="_135editor" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="113597"><section style="margin: 20px auto;"><section><section style="margin: 0 15px;"><section style="background-color: #fffcf2;"><section style="padding: 20px 0px 0px 15px;"><section style="width: 15px;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 66.2 50.05" style="display: block;" xml:space="default"><g><g><path class="cls-1" style="fill:#ffc635;" d="M16.2,18.05h0c-1.07,0-1.54-.95-1.58-2-.31-8,6.69-13,12.92-13.94C28.58,1.92,28.08,0,27,0-2.55,0-.22,30.43.23,34.59a16,16,0,0,0,16,15.46h0a16,16,0,0,0,16-16h0A16,16,0,0,0,16.2,18.05Z"></path><path class="cls-1" style="fill:#ffc635;" d="M50.2,18.05h0c-1.07,0-1.54-.95-1.58-2-.31-8,6.69-13,12.92-13.94C62.58,1.92,62.08,0,61,0,31.45,0,33.78,30.43,34.23,34.59a16,16,0,0,0,16,15.46h0a16,16,0,0,0,16-16h0A16,16,0,0,0,50.2,18.05Z"></path></g></g></svg></section></section><section><section style="padding: 10px 15px 20px;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background: transparent;"><p style="vertical-align: inherit; line-height: 1.75em;">酸性、酸性媒染及酸性含媒染料&nbsp;<br>酸性染料、酸性媒染染料及酸性含媒染料染色这三种染料均属水溶性染料，是羊毛、蚕丝和锦纶的专用染料，但它们的结构、性能和应用范围有一定的差异。酸性染料结构简单，按它们分子结构的大小可分为强酸性染料（又称匀染性酸性染料，分子较小）和弱酸性染料（又称耐缩绒酸性染料，分子较大）两类。前者可在强酸性介质中染羊毛，色泽鲜艳，匀染性好；后者可在中性或弱酸性介质中染羊毛、蚕丝和锦纶，牢度较高，但匀染性和色泽鲜艳度不如强酸性染料。<br>酸性媒染染料具有酸性染料的基本结构，但其结构中还含有能与媒染剂铬离子生成络合联结的基团。该类染料主要用于羊毛染色，水洗、日晒牢度都优于酸性染料，但色泽较暗。染色常采用浸染方法，染后用重铬酸钾作媒染处理一定时间即可。<br>酸性含媒染料的结构中已含有铬络合结构，染色时不需进行媒染处理，应用方便。酸性含媒染料有两种类型：一种是一个铬离子和一个染料分子络合的1:1型含媒染料；另一种是一个铬离子和二个染料分子铬合的1:2型含媒染料。前者的染色与强酸性染料相似，主要用于羊毛；后者常用于羊毛、蚕丝和锦纶的中性浴染色，故又叫中性染料，其染色牢度较高，但色泽较暗。</p></section></section><section style="margin-top: -5px;"><section class="assistant" style="width: 100%; max-width: 100% !important;" data-width="100%"><img class="assistant" style="vertical-align: inherit; width: 100%; display: block; max-width: 100% !important;" src="https://bcn.135editor.com/files/images/editor_styles/bfa992962ff0f1e090ec959ab3290dfa.png" data-width="100%" draggable="false" data-ratio="0.024955436720142603" data-w="561"></section></section></section></section><section><section style="width: 100%; max-width: 100% !important;" data-width="100%"><img style="vertical-align: inherit; width: 100%; display: block; max-width: 100% !important;" src="https://bcn.135editor.com/files/images/editor_styles/956813c69a524c6ecdea262148955815.png" data-width="100%" draggable="false" data-ratio="0.5581395348837209" data-w="559"></section></section></section><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-end;align-items: flex-start;margin-top: -35px;"><section style="width: 30px;"><img style="vertical-align: inherit; width: 100%; display: block; max-width: 100% !important;" src="https://bcn.135editor.com/files/images/editor_styles/f76ccfbb235d422d0d33b573e7dbd115.gif" data-width="100%" draggable="false" data-ratio="1.4615384615384615" data-w="52"></section></section></section></section></section><section data-role="paragraph" class="_135editor"><p style="vertical-align:inherit;"><br></p></section></section>