<p><br></p><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　答 棉及涤／棉织物的前处理，目前国际上约有80％以上的织物都采用退、煮、漂一浴法或退、煮、漂冷轧堆工艺。为了探索退、煮、漂一浴法工艺的效果，提高白度和降低纤维损伤，国外又研制开发了一种亚一氧漂白工艺。该工艺是在退、煮、漂一浴法中，采用3g／L亚氯酸钠、1g／L双氧水、2g／L。非离子渗透剂、10g／L磷酸氢二钠的溶液，用氢氧化钠调整pH值为8～10，于95℃时处理90min，然后将织物洗净。采用亚一氧漂白工艺，可使织物获得更理想的白度，而强力下降不明显，铜值和羧基数均较低，充分表明该工艺的优点。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　采用亚一氧漂白工艺的机理是：双氧水在碱性条件下能分解产生H0·自由基和H00·自由基，它们能和亚氯酸钠中的亚氯酸离子反应而生成新的自由基，从而分解棉纤维中的杂质，破坏纤维素中的天然色素。为避免二氧化氯副产物的产生，所以双氧水对亚氯酸钠的活化反应宜在碱性条件下进行。同时由于加入磷酸氢二钠可提高织物白度。另一方面，由于处理液中加人非离子润湿剂，织物的润湿性能提高，坯布的失重与单独亚漂相近。这说明亚氯酸钠／双氧水体系可用于纯棉或涤／棉织物的退、煮、漂合一工艺中。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" id="autoparagraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; caret-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section>