<section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor" style="font-size: medium;"><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">　　答 亚氯酸钠是一种较温和的氧化剂，可用于棉、合纤及其混纺织物的漂白，但不适用于蛋白质纤维的漂白。亚氯酸钠有固体和液体两种，固体含量为80％左右，液体含量有10％和25％，工厂使用多数为液体。亚氯酸钠在碱性条件下较为稳定（一般pH一10时，可长期贮存不分解）。在酸性条件下易分解，其分解速度随pH值降低及温度升高而加快。当pH值为2.4～3 时，ClO2生成量达到最高值；而当pH值低于4.8时，ClO3-的生成量随pH值降低而增加。因此，亚漂的漂白效果与漂液浓度、温度、pH值及漂白时间有关。漂液的pH值能影响亚氯酸钠的利用率，pH值增高亚氯酸钠的利用率也高，但对织物白度及纤维损伤有较大影响。当pH值为2.6时，纤维损伤最为严重，这是由于纤维的酸水解引起的；当pH值为7或大于7时，纤维损伤也较严重，这是由于纤维素被氧化而造成的。在以上pH值范围内漂白，织物白度也较差，所以亚漂时一定要掌握好漂液pH值，实践证明当pH值为4.6～5.5时，可获得较好的白度且纤维损伤亦最小，漂白速度也较适中。实际生产中，为提高漂白速度，通常将漂液pH值调节在4～4.5。由于亚氯酸钠是碱性的，而在漂白时要将碱性亚氯酸钠调整至酸性，因此必须加入酸化剂也称活化剂。活化剂种类较多。</span></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">　　①酸活化剂，如有机酸（蚁酸、乳酸、醋酸等）、无机酸（硫酸、盐酸等）。用酸活化剂时有大量二氧化氯逸出，对劳动保护十分不利且设备腐蚀严重。</span></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">　　②酯活化剂，如乳酸乙酯、酒石酸二乙酯、醋酸乙酯等。用酯活化价格高、汽蒸条件要求高。</span></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">　　③铵活化剂，如硫酸铵、醋酸铵、六亚甲基四胺、硫酸联铵等。用铵活化剂较为理想。</span></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">　　现将亚氯酸钠平幅连续轧漂工艺介绍如下。</span></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">　　工艺流程：浸轧漂液→汽蒸→水洗→脱氯→水洗。</span></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">　　工艺条件：轧液率80％～90％，轧漂温度：室温，汽蒸100～102℃、60～90min，脱氯用硫代硫酸钠1.5～2.0g／L，纯碱1.5～2g／L。工艺处方：亚氯酸钠（100%）15～25g／L，渗透剂2～4g／L，硫酸联铵0.5g／L，漂前漂液pH值4～4.5（先用硫酸使亚氯酸钠pH值降至中性，再加硫酸联铵使pH值降至4～4.5）。</span></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="font-size: 15px;">　　</span></p></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; 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