<section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="font-size: medium; max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　答 常规牛仔布拔染印花是用雕白粉作拔白剂、咬白剂W作助拔剂，拔白印花后再经蒸化、碱洗、水洗等工序，其拔白白度略黄，拔染色浆配制复杂，生产成本高。使用牛仔布专用拔染剂JN是在酸性条件下，经蒸化使靛蓝地色色泽消除而成为白色，在拔染剂JN中加入涂料及黏合剂，可进行涂料着色拔染印花，其特点是拔白白度白，涂料价格低，色谱齐全，拔染色浆配制容易，生产成本低。其工艺流程为：牛仔布一前处理一印花一蒸化一水洗一柔软拉幅一成品。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　①前处理。牛仔布经纱由靛蓝染色，经上浆后与原纱(纬纱)织造而成，因此，牛仔布上除有拒水性浆料，色素、靛蓝浮色等，其含杂多于一般印花织物，靛蓝染色物不耐氯和强碱，不耐高温湿热，否则容易造成布面搭色及产生色斑，为此可采用常压平幅大卷装卷染机进行酶退浆和纯碱煮练。其工艺为：淀粉酶(200倍)1～2g／L，食盐5g／L，55～60°C，4～6道；90°C水洗去酶2～4道。然后用纯碱10g／L，高效精练剂5g／L，55～60°c，4～6道，90°C水洗去碱2～4道，清洗1～2道。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　②拔染印花。拔白浆处方：拔染剂JN8～14kg，柠檬酸4～7kg，耐酸糊料x。色拔染浆处方：拔染剂JN8～14kg，柠檬酸4～7kg，耐酸糊料x，涂料y，黏合剂20kg。加入柠檬酸为保证拔染浆的pH值在3～4，拔染剂JN和柠檬酸用量比为2：1。酸性糊料必须耐酸，具有较高的成糊率，一般用AVEBE公司的PAN改性淀粉糊。黏合剂要求成膜无色透明，柔软不粘，富有弹性，黏着力强，机械性能良好，与拔染剂JN、柠檬酸相容性好。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　③蒸化和水洗。采用l02°C，汽蒸8min。拔染剂能使靛蓝分解成黄色物质，易溶于水并充分水洗、皂洗，保证白度洁白，一般可采用1格喷淋冷水，2～4格90°C热洗，5～6格90°C皂洗(纯碱4g／L，洗涤剂2g／L)，7～8格热洗，9～10格冷洗。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" id="autoparagraph" style="font-size: medium; max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; caret-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section>