<br><div><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="font-size: medium; max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　答 分散一活性染料同浆印花中存在着两种染料的影响(pH值要求不同)，以及两种纤维上的沾色问题。为解决和克服这些问题，合理选用染料尤为重要，在市售染料中有一种狄斯潘索(Dispers01)／普施安(Procion)PC染料，是由狄斯潘索分散染料PC与普施安活性染料PC两种染料拼混而成。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　狄斯潘索PC染料是在分散染料的分子结构上含有两个或三个羧酸基的染料，利用双酯或三酯对碱的敏感性，在印花固色后经热碱洗涤，可使未固着的染料发生水解破坏而溶于水，可将沾污棉上的分散染料洗去，从而解决白地沾色和色泽不纯等问题。普施安PC是从活性染料中筛选出反应性强、固色需碱量较少的一种一氯均三嗪染料。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　市售染料中还有一种狄斯潘索PC／普施安T染料，是由狄斯潘索PC分散染料和普施安T 型活性染料混合而成的液状染料。普施安T型活性染料为膦酸基活性染料，它在棉纤维上的固色条件是在酸性介质中必须有催化剂的存在，经过120℃的高温焙烘才能与纤维素纤维反应，这一条件正好与分散染料在涤纶上的固着需要热熔是一致的。因此，采用狄斯潘索PC／普施安T染料进行同浆印花是比较理想的，它不仅可用于直接印花，还可用于涤／棉织物的防拔染印花。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　狄斯潘索PC／普施安T染料的直接印花工艺流程为：印花→烘干→焙烘(210℃×90s)→热碱洗(NaOH 49／L)→皂洗→水洗→烘干。色浆处方：狄斯潘索PC x，普施安T y，双氰胺3％，NH4H2P04O44％，防染盐S 1％，海藻酸铵(20％)50％，合成100％。处方中海藻酸铵由氨水与海藻酸而制得。氨水容易分解而逸出氨，pH值在6左右，而海藻酸钠的pH值大于7。由于膦酸基活性染料对pH值敏感，pH值上升，染料给色量下降。虽然增加双氰胺用量可有一定改善，但其溶解困难。在色浆中必须避免含钠化合物，故不采用海藻酸钠而改用海藻酸铵。处方中用双氰胺作反应催化剂，NH4H2PO4为释酸剂，防染盐S为抗还原性物质的氧化剂。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　还有一种方法是在分散活性染料中加入烟酸钠和双氰胺。烟酸钠为叔胺化合物，在中性高温条件下能与一氯均三嗪类活性染料迅速反应生成季铵化合物。此反应物能在中性条件下与纤维素纤维反应达到固色效果。双氰胺在高温下分解成碳化二亚胺，对氟氯嘧啶类活性染料可起催化作用，同时也可提高具有羧基吡啶均三嗪基活性染料的印花深度，从而可解决碱性高温焙烘棉纤维的泛黄和分散染料深色较低的问题，使印花的鲜艳度大有改善。此外，中性色浆贮存稳定性好，为印花操作带来方便。现就分散一活性染料同浆印花工艺举例如下。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　工艺流程：印花→烘干→焙烘(190℃，1．5min)→汽蒸(102℃，7min)→水洗→皂洗→水洗→烘干</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　色浆配方：分散紫HFRL 15g／kg，分散蓝SGL 7．5g／kg，活性紫K一3R 7．5g／kg活性翠蓝K～GL 3．7g／kg，双氰胺20g／L，烟酸钠10g／kg。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" id="autoparagraph" style="font-size: medium; max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; 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