<font face="宋体"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm 1.2pt 0pt 0cm; text-align: left; line-height: 15.6pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none;" class="MsoNormal" align="left"><span style='color: black; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;'>答 巨型卷染机容量大，生产效率高，但易产生头尾色差和边中色差等染疵，造成色差的主要因素如下。<span lang="EN-US"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><font face="宋体"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm 1.2pt 0pt 0cm; text-align: left; line-height: 17pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none;" class="MsoNormal" align="left"><span style='color: black; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;' lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='color: black; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;'>①头尾色差主要原因是染色过程中染液浓度不能保持一致<span style="letter-spacing: -1.55pt;">。</span>因为巨型卷染机容量大<span lang="EN-US">(</span>薄型<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><font face="宋体"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm 1.2pt 0pt 0cm; text-align: left; line-height: 17.25pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none;" class="MsoNormal" align="left"><span style='color: black; letter-spacing: 0.2pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;'>织物一般为<span lang="EN-US">3000</span>～<span lang="EN-US">40</span></span><span style='color: black; letter-spacing: 0.15pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;' lang="EN-US">00m</span><span style='color: black; letter-spacing: 0.15pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;'>／卷，厚织物有<span lang="EN-US">1500</span>～<span lang="EN-US">2000m</span>／卷<span lang="EN-US">)</span>，每道运行时问长<span lang="EN-US">(</span>一般为<span lang="EN-US">50</span>～</span><span style='color: black; letter-spacing: 0.05pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;' lang="EN-US">60min</span><span style='color: black; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;' lang="EN-US">)</span><span style='color: black; letter-spacing: -2.4pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;'>，</span><span style='color: black; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;'>而正常卷染机<span style="letter-spacing: -2.4pt;">，</span>染料和助剂均在每道两头加入<span style="letter-spacing: -2.4pt;">，</span>每道运行时间短<span style="letter-spacing: -2.4pt;">，</span>而巨型卷染机每道运行时问长，染料从开始加入到纤维吸附、上染这一个过程，不可避免地造成头尾色差。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><font face="宋体"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm 1.2pt 0pt 0cm; text-align: left; line-height: 17.25pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none;" class="MsoNormal" align="left"><span style='color: black; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;' lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='color: black; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;'>②边中色差主要原因是由于半制品进缸打卷时<span style="letter-spacing: -2.1pt;">，</span>布幅边紧中松<span lang="EN-US">(</span>造成凸肚皮<span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="letter-spacing: -2.1pt;">，</span>布边与中间<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">带水</span>量不同<span style="letter-spacing: -2.4pt;">，</span>这样布边的染料浓度较布幅中间的染料浓度相对要高一些<span style="letter-spacing: -2.4pt;">，</span>于是造成边<span style="letter-spacing: -2.4pt;">、</span>中色差<span style="letter-spacing: -2.4pt;">。</span>另外，如温差、运行速度差等对色差的形成也有一定影响。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><font face="宋体"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm 1.2pt 0pt 0cm; text-align: left; line-height: 16.8pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none;" class="MsoNormal" align="left"><span style='color: black; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;' lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='color: black; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;'>针对上述问题，必须采取以下措施予以防止和克服。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><font face="宋体"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm 1.2pt 0pt 0cm; text-align: left; line-height: 17pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none;" class="MsoNormal" align="left"><span style='color: black; letter-spacing: 0.05pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;' lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span></span><span style='color: black; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;' lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><span style='color: black; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;'>①采用干布进缸<span style="letter-spacing: -2.4pt;">，</span>即半制品预先打卷成形<span style="letter-spacing: -2.4pt;">，</span>打卷时为确保布卷成形整齐<span style="letter-spacing: -2.4pt;">、</span>平整<span style="letter-spacing: -2.4pt;">，</span>应在打卷机上配有吸边器<span style="letter-spacing: -2.1pt;">。</span>用于布入染可避免湿布染色时<span style="letter-spacing: -2.1pt;">，</span>因布上所带水分与染液的挤压交换不均匀所带来的边中色差。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><font face="宋体"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm 1.2pt 0pt 0cm; text-align: left; line-height: 17pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none;" class="MsoNormal" align="left"><span style='color: black; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;' lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='color: black; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;'>②采用染液循<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">环</span><span style="letter-spacing: -2.65pt;">，</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">并加装液面自控装置</span><span style="letter-spacing: -2.65pt;">，</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">这样可保证布卷从头到尾所带染液浓度前后一致</span><span style="letter-spacing: -2.65pt;">，</span>避免头尾因染料浓度不一致造成色差。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><font face="宋体"> <span style='color: black; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;' lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></font><span style='color: black; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>③染料和助剂如染料<span style="letter-spacing: -1.9pt;">、</span>盐与碱剂分浴化料<span style="letter-spacing: -1.9pt;">，</span>同时进缸<span style="letter-spacing: -1.9pt;">。</span>对中<span style="letter-spacing: -1.9pt;">、</span>高温型活性染料<span style="letter-spacing: -1.9pt;">，</span>可采用干布进缸运行两道后再升温<span style="letter-spacing: -1.4pt;">、</span>固色<span style="letter-spacing: -1.4pt;">。</span>同时在具体操作时<span style="letter-spacing: -1.4pt;">，</span>先将小样确定的用料溶解在按布重及浴比所计算出的水量中<span style="letter-spacing: -1.7pt;">。</span>开车前<span style="letter-spacing: -1.7pt;">，</span>先将化好的染料放入染缸中至规定量<span style="letter-spacing: -1.7pt;">，</span>作开车液<span lang="EN-US">;</span>开车后<span style="letter-spacing: -1.7pt;">，</span>按织物<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">吸液</span>量在保持液面一致的前提下<span style="letter-spacing: -2.4pt;">，</span>由化料桶中加以补充<span style="letter-spacing: -2.4pt;">，</span>每卷布进缸结束后<span style="letter-spacing: -2.4pt;">，</span>开闭补充液<span style="letter-spacing: -2.4pt;">，</span>再调头<span style="letter-spacing: -2.6pt;">，</span>使布卷在缸内<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">染液中回走一道</span><span style="letter-spacing: -2.65pt;">，</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">这样可使织物从开始到结束始终运行在同一浓度的染液内</span><span style="letter-spacing: -2.65pt;">，</span>保证了布面吸色均匀一致。</span>