<section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　1．新裂强力 &nbsp;就是纤维材料受外界直接拉伸到断裂时所需的力，是表示拉伸力绝对值的一种指标，基础单位为牛顿(N)，衍生单位有cN(厘牛)、mN(毫牛)、kN(千牛)等。各种强力机上测得的读数都是强力，例如单纤维、束纤维强力分别为拉伸一根纤维、一束纤维至断裂时所需的力。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　2．相对强度 &nbsp;拉断单位细度纤维所需要的强力称为相对强度，用以比较不同粗细的纤维拉伸断裂性质的指标。纤维粗细不同时，其断裂强力也不相同，故对于不同粗细的纤维，断裂强力没有可比性。为了便于比较，可将断裂强力折合成规定粗细时的力，即相对强度。由于折合的标准粗细的规定不同，纤维材料的相对强度有许多种，最常用的主要有以下三种。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/fzmlsj1349.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/fzmlsj1349.png" data-ratio="0.7805280528052805" data-w="606" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 464.444px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　(3)断裂长度：断裂长度可以理解为假定纤维一根根首尾连接起来变成连续的长纤维，把它一端自然悬垂，当悬下的纤维自身重力致使纤维拉断时，这时所悬挂的纤维长度就是断裂长度(即纤维自身重力与其强力相等时所具有的长度)。一般断裂长度用L表示，单位为千米(km)。在生产实践中，测定纤维或纱线的断裂长度不使用悬挂法，而是用强力折算出来的。其计算公式为：</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/fzmlsj1350.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/fzmlsj1350.png" data-ratio="0.4716666666666667" data-w="600" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 464.444px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　根据这些换算式可以看出，相同的断裂强度和断裂长度，其断裂应力还随纤维的密度而异，只有当纤维密度相同时，断裂强度和断裂长度才具有可比性。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　3．新裂伸长 &nbsp;纤维拉伸时产生的伸长占原来长度的百分率称为伸长率。纤维拉伸至断裂时的伸长率称为断裂伸长率，它表示纤维承受拉伸变形的能力。其计算式为：</p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/fzmlsj1351.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/fzmlsj1351.png" data-ratio="0.34991708126036486" data-w="603" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 464.444px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　4．湿干强度比 &nbsp;纤维在完全润湿时的强力占干态(标准大气下)时强力的百分率称为湿干强度比。了解材料润湿后强度的变化状况，可以帮助我们把握在湿态工艺加工时或洗涤时材料的耐水湿能力。绝大多数纤维的湿干强度比&lt;100％，而棉、麻等天然纤维素纤维的湿干强度比＞100％。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　5．10％定伸展负荷 &nbsp;纤维拉伸10％时所需要的负荷(力)，专用于棉型化学纤维，为混纺时性能匹配时应用的指标。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　棉纤维强度的测算，都应在标准温湿度条件下进行。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　(1)束纤维：常采用Y162型束纤维强力机或斯持洛强力仪，即YG011N型束纤维强力仪。将五个整理好的小棉束(每束3mg左右)分别在Y162型束纤维强力机上拉断，测取束纤维断裂强力之后，将其折算成单纤维强力及其他各项指标。</p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/fzmlsj1352.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/fzmlsj1352.png" data-ratio="0.5172981878088962" data-w="607" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 464.444px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/fzmlsj1353.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/fzmlsj1353.png" data-ratio="0.613747954173486" data-w="611" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 464.444px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p></section><section style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　(2)单纤维：用单纤维强力机(如YG001N型电子单纤维强力仪)。从棉样中抽取若干根纤维，在单纤维强力机上逐根拉断，测取强力伸长等指标，目前的单纤维强力仪都是计算机控制的、测试信息也很全面。利用这种方法时，为了使测定结果具有一定代表性，试验次数必须很多，故费时费力。</p></section><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section></section></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; caret-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section>