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全部资讯   / 图案、色彩设计的综合要素

图案、色彩设计的综合要素

2014-07-22 16:56:21

<div><section data-role="paragraph" class="_135editor" draggable="true" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  在现代室内环境中,除了室内造型、家具陈设、灯光、绿化等外,还大量使用装饰织物,借助其花纹图案与色彩的效果,协调整个室内的风格基调。装饰织物的图案与色彩设计应综合考虑许多要素,如环境些素、材料结构要求、市场要素等。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (一)环境要素。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  环境要素包含两层含义:一是装饰织物所处的环境,一是装饰织物在环境中的作用地位。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  室内环境的“形”与“色”直接刺激着人的视觉感官,从而使人产生生理和心理的反应。人在不同的场所有着不同的生理、心理需要,这就要求环境有着不同的图案色彩等装饰。家庭卧室、宾馆客房,一般要求气氛温馨、亲切,因此图案题材以花草、自然景物为宜,表现技法上以细腻、柔美为好。色彩也以温和、协调为主。而舞台、歌舞厅等娱乐场所,图案表现可夸张一些,色彩也可跳跃一些,以表现一种欢乐、热烈的气氛。会客厅、会议室、影视厅,则更要求通过图案、色彩,使环境显得宽阔、安逸、平和。旅行工具(客车、船舱、飞机舱等),则应给人以平静、安全、舒适的感受。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  各类装饰织物在室内环境中所起的作用、所处的装饰地位各有不同,使用的方法、形式也不同,因而它们的图案色彩设计的要求也不相同。挂帷类的窗帘,在室内所占比例并不大,其图案色彩不构成环境主体,但由于窗是室内与室外的交界体,它往往能够形成房间的一个视觉焦点,因而窗帘的装饰地位很重要。同时窗帘是垂直悬挂使用的,要考虑到它的图案色彩给人带来的高度感、宽阔感和稳定感等。好的窗帘图案设计与色彩配置,可以使室内产生一道亮丽的风景线,宛若一幅精美的壁画。地毯平铺于厅、室内,一般面积较大,其装饰的总体效果应是求“稳”、求“实”,给人以脚踏实地、四平八稳的感受,图案要求变化中求规则,色彩多以中深色为基调,忌乱、忌杂。墙面贴饰的壁绸、墙布是一个房间的底板,其图案色彩构成室内环境的基调,室内装饰往往是以墙面的装饰风格为基础展开的。墙面一般讲求明快又洁净、高而宽敞、亮丽而沉稳。由于沙发、椅子、幂垫等小型家具具有体积小、多方位立体造型、可随时移动位置等特点,因此这一类家具装饰织物的花色主要是起点缀环境、活跃室内气氛的作用,构图和用色上可大胆一些。卧室是最讲究人情味的地方,床上用纺织品在卧室中唱主角,因而其图案纹样的选材、构图和色彩的选配,要求能够造成一种温馨可亲的氛围,并且要特别注意地域风俗和整体配套的要求。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (二)材料要素。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  材料要素包括织物原材料、织物结构、织物花色形成方法等三部分。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  1.织物原材料。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  包括纤维属性、纱线线密度、光泽、捻并情况、花式线特点等。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  2.织物结构。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  包括织物的组织结构、交织紧密度等内容。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  例如起绒型结构织物上的图案色彩所表现出来的效果与普通型结构织物相比较,效果更柔和一些,而立体感强一些。又如,缎纹组织只有在较大块面中才具有平滑光亮的缎效应,因此在是花织物中,用缎纹表现块面较为合适,而不宜表现线条。有些组织自身会使织物产生纹路肌理,如斜纹组织的斜向纹路、方平组织的大粒子效应及凸条、蜂巢组织的外观等。纹纱结构的窗沙和经编窗纱,由于交织稀疏结构透亮,因而不宜设计细腻花纹来相配,而锦缎类的被面、领带等,由于配置了较高的密度,则更有利于表现精细的花纹。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  3.图案色彩的形成方法主要有织(提)花、印花、织印花、印经、刺绣、烂花、剪花、晰缝、轧纹、针刺等。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  织花(也称提花)运用不同材料、不同色彩的纱线和不同组织结构的变化来表现花纹,因而具有较好的肌理效果和层次感,由于花纹是由经纬交织产生的,色彩较为含蓄,但织物图案花幅、表现手法(点线面表现)、表现风格、色彩的组合与层次,又要受到织物品种特点、织机型号、装造类型等的影响和限制。印花产品则具有色泽鲜艳、配色自由、色谱齐全、花幅限制小、花纹表现较为灵活等优点,随着印花新工艺、新技术的不断发展,图案色彩的设计自由度越来越大。烂花(包括绒织物烂花)、轧纹织物,主要是花、地两个质地层次,这两个质地层次对比往往比较突出,如烂花多为地部透亮,花部充实,轧纹绒织物则花地部的绒毛倒伏方向不一致,具有较强烈的浮雕感,自身的趣味性、独特性较明显,这类织物宜配以层次简单、以块面表现为主的图案。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (三)市场要素。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  装饰织物的设计,也是生产企业的一种市场行为,就是说,设计开发始终是围绕市场进行的。消费者的习俗信仰、文化素养、经济实力、社会地位等,都影响着他们对室内装饰的喜好。随着人们生活水平的不断提高,人们越来越感到室内装饰是一个整体的组合,墙面、地面、桌、椅、凳、橱、柜、卧床与帘幔,乃至一个小的摆设,都要合理组配,才能形成一个整体格调协调统一的室内环境。同时现今的消费者,又更多地强调装饰的个性化、时尚化。因而就市场要素而言,装饰织物图案色彩的设计可概括为系列化设计与配套设计两方面。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  1.系列化设计包括风格情调系列和价位档次系列的设计。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  风格情调,有表现简洁、图案自由夸张、色彩明快写意的现代风格,有技法细腻、图案布局严谨、色彩稳重含蓄的古典风格,而在图案搭配、色彩组合等方面,又有着明显的地域风情、宗教信仰等的差异,如欧美式、中式、日式等,各有特色,各具风格。由于消费者存在文化、地位、经济能力等的差异,因而对室内装饰有着不同层次的消费观念和消费需求。例如,白领层较为注重生活、工作环境的装饰性,强调环境的典雅、舒适,甚至豪华富丽,而普通消费者则更强调装饰材料的实用性,在装饰织物色彩图案设计中,也应结合这一特点,开发普通中低档型、中高档型、高档豪华型等各种系列的产品。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  2.配套设计。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  即共同环境内的整体组合配套设计。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  图案色彩的配套设计,主要是要解决在花纹比例、花纹风格、花纹虚实疏密、花纹与依附物等的协调统一的问题。花纹比例的协调统一要求花纹与空间的尺寸大小、宽窄、长短应用比例恰当,过大的花纹会使室内显得堵塞压抑,过小则显得琐碎杂乱。花纹风格的协调统一要求同一室内的装饰织物风格一致,如用不同的造型方法和艺术手段会搅乱视觉显得不和谐、不配套。花纹虚实的协调统一要求室内织物图案构成中虚实一致、疏密得体,花纹过于集中显得杂乱和拥挤,过于分散则显得松散,过于强烈的对比色彩会使人眼花缭乱,要保持室内整体的图案与色彩虚实得体、动静协调、疏密有秩。花纹与依附物的协调统一则要求装饰织物的花纹在造型、布局等方面与其装饰体的造型结构特点相配套,如床罩、台布的垂沿特点,沙发布的立体结构,窗帘的吊挂方式等。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (四)方法安素图案色彩的设计,是一个构思、取材、布局、描绘、修善的艺术加工过程。从设计者的设计方去来看,无外乎借鉴与创新。这里应该强调的是,借鉴不是简单的描摹,而应在原有的风格基调上赋予变化,增添新颖感和时代感。创新,既是大胆、前所未有的,也是规范的,设计出的作品应守合人们的审美共性。很多的创新作品,是在借鉴的基石上产生的。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (五)各类室内装饰织物图案.色彩设计的要求主要分析说明挂帷遮饰类、家具覆饰类、地面铺饰类和墙面贴饰类四大类装饰织物在图案殳计与色彩配置时的基本要求。由于床上用品类的具体种类较多,而且各种类产品在装饰功能的特点和设计要求上又有不同,内容较为庞杂,这里就不阐述了。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  1.挂帷遮饰类。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (1)由于挂帷类织物为悬垂状使用,织物呈有规律的褶皱形态,具起伏对比的韵律节奏,极富装饰性。为此一般可选用装饰情趣清新活泼的几何形、花草以及各种肌理形态的花纹作为图案题材,使人产生流畅、自然之感。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (2)现代家装饰中 扶雄类织物所占面积越来越大落地式长帘也已被普遍采用(有时一些大面积国帘占据整幅墙面),这就要求图茶平稳匀称,也彩淡雅人,以求得安宁、舒道的气氛与情调。过于动感跳跃的图案和过于热烈浓艳的色彩易给人带来烦躁不安的视觉印象与心理刺激,不宜采用。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (3)挂帷类织物有规则的褶皱使其图案也随之时隐时现,难以保持完整形态。因而挂帷织物一般不宜采用如人物、动物、建筑物等十分逼真、写实的纹样,否则会被分割遮掩,花纹显得凌乱残缺。目前这类织物图案较多采用简洁写意型,笔调也较为自由轻松,色彩简练明快。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (4)挂帷类织物因质地用途的区别,图案色彩的配置也各有特色:薄型窗纱柔美轻盈,图案简练,色彩淡雅,要注意花纹虚实层次和网眼疏密组合的恰当运用,或以密托疏或以疏衬密,通过透光的不同变化形成多层次的丰富效果;中厚窗帘、帷幔多为提花或印花织物,图案要端庄大方,装饰方法可多变,色彩应以明丽优雅的浅色、中深色为主;厚型窗帘、帷幔等目前以锦缎、类织物为多,因此图案配置应具较浓郁的传统意味,色彩则可以沉稳富丽的绛红、墨绿、古铜色为主,使室内气氨雍容华贵。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (5)挂帷类织物的图案表现形式与布局要充分注意到制品在使用中的悬垂特点。例如条形图案又分直条、横条和斜条三种类型,直条图案自然流畅,有一泻而下之势,又能增加室内的高度感。横条图案平稳端庄,有绵延不断之势,又能增加室内的开阔感。但一般不采用斜条,斜向线条使人产生倾斜布倒不稳定感,与平直方正的建筑格局和帘幔的垂挂形态不协调。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (6)挂帷类织物是唯一的双面暴露使用的装饰织物,因此图案色彩配置要注意正反面效果,例如采用印经工艺,产生正反面均有含蓄的效应,某些高档讲究的产品可采用双面印花工艺。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  2.家具覆饰类。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (1)家具类织物占面积较小,随家具的形体转折而变化,有较强的立体效果和醒目的视觉印象,它可随家具陈设位置、方位等的变动而变动。因此总体而言其图案色彩起活跃、调节环境气氛的作用,它在室内装饰的总体配套中起着重要意义。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (2)由于织物自身质地厚实,表面风格粗犷,因此图案也应较为浑厚大方,稳重端庄;图案设计时要注意立体效应,不能只追求平面展现,注意装配于沙发、椅子后的形体与整体美;四方车续型又多为散点排列、框架结构排列,线条排列较为少用,框架结构有菱形、鳞形、波形、梯形亭,方形较为少用。纹样题材多为花草、几何形纹样、抽象纹样、卡通形象等,花型以中大型为宜,布局满地更合适,少用清地。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (3)适形型和四方连续型图案布局多为“四角一中”型,可中心表现为主,也可边框为主,中心略施陪衬。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (4)要注意花地色彩搭配,在色相、纯度、明度上不宜对比过大,整体效果应柔和雅丽,给人以温馨宁静之感。装饰台布色彩宜浅淡,以显清秀与洁净,如以本白、漂白、奶绿、米黄、淡蓝、淡紫等明度较高的色彩为基色,沙发布、椅布、靠垫色调配置可以大胆一些。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (5)由于靠垫的幅面很小,纹样的内容不宜过于细致、琐碎,应以灵活简捷表现为主。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  3.地面铺饰类。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (1)地毯铺于地面之上,占地面积较大,往往遍铺整个房间,因而地毯的图案色彩设计总体上讲究“稳”与“实”,给人以脚踏实地、四平八稳的感觉。图案构成应当平稳、匀称、浑厚、完整,色彩要求华丽典雅、沉稳含蓄。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (2)传统地毯以适形纹样布局为主,在特定幅面内安排一组独立的纹样,形成完整的图案格局,如团花簇锦、百鸟朝风的构形。图案要求华美精致,结构严谨。色彩配置讲究古朴、沉稳,田以蓝色、绿色、玫红色、驼色、棕色等为主调。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (3)现代机织、簇绒地毯多为四方连续图案,构成方形、菱形、六角形等规则框架,以便于任意裁剪和拼接。图案可选用有现代装饰意趣的几何图形、抽象图案、变化图案为素材,构图形式生意形成马赛克镶嵌式结构或几何交错式结构,某些特殊部位,如客厅中央,也可采用适合纹样格局,以形成整个地面中心,但这部分适合纹样应以简洁的几何、抽象纹样组合,以与其他部位的现代风格图案相协调。色彩组合要简单明净,一般3~5种色,以求稳重,色彩总体比传统地毯明艳,如草绿色、灰色、驼色、红色等。4.墙面贴饰类墙布是室内总体装饰的主要角色,而且是唯一不轻易更换的装饰织物,因而其图案、色彩的作用和意义尤为重要。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (1)纹样题材上,要注意创造一个悠闲舒适的环境,给人以宁静清新的气息和舒心愉悦之感,如可采用花草、景物及几何纹样等作题材。表现形式上普通墙布以四方连续为主,图案排列格局可采用条型、几何框架型和散点分布型等,纹样布局清地、清满地、满地均可。某些大型艺术墙布采用二方连续型图案,这类墙布应以清地为宜。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (2)花型可以小型花为主,以使得大面积的整体显得柔和协调,花型过大,易产生强烈夺目的视觉印象,使人产生拥挤局促之感。花纹在图案中的分布要注意整体的匀称与稳重,以与平整挺直的墙面相匹配。但同时又要注意不能过于平板,即在不过分跳跃的情况下,略加突破,如虚实对比变化、疏密对比变化等。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  (3)色彩宜为明淡色调,以求淡雅、协调。地色采用白色、奶黄、象牙色,显得明亮、开阔、轻松,粉红色、浅蓝色,显得整洁,如主色淡绿色等,主色调偏深则给人沉重压抑且不洁之感。花纹的色彩配置上要注意与地色相近,花地色差小,色彩层次不要过多,一般3~5色,甚至1~2色。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">  </p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" id="autoparagraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; 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