<section data-role="paragraph" class="_135editor" style="font-size: medium; max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　答 造成大小样色差的原因是多方面的，其主要原因有以下几方面。</span><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　①打小样对色时务必严格精确。打小样是直接影响车问大生产的关键，必须充分认识其重要性，并须注意以下各点。</span><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　a.打小样用水应与大样生产用水一致，避免水质问题影响大小样色光差异。</span><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　b.打小样用染料、助剂必须同一批号，同一牌号。根据试样所吸染料应合理选用吸管，尽可能不要用大吸管吸取小体积的染液。小样所用染料必须现化现用。</span><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　c.小样所用的腈纶纱样，包括前处理方法，必须和大样一致。配色时必须选用K值相同或近似的染料，即染料的配伍值要基本一致，同时还必须选择与染料K值相同或差异不超过1的　　缓染剂，这样才能保证染液中各染料之问的比例关系，有利于染色质量色光的稳定性和重现性。</span><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　d.打小样的染浴pH值及升温曲线尽量与大生产相同或接近。</span><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　e.对色应严格准确。</span><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　②大小样染料助剂称量时产生误差。打小样时染料称量应使用分析天平或电子天平，避免使用台秤，尽量减少误差。大样生产用染料称量时，尽可能使用砝码台秤，要经常检查天平和台秤的灵敏度。</span><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　③严格控制染浴pH值。一般小样生产时pH值控制较严格、谨慎，而大样生产时pH值波动较大，由于水质的原因及锅炉直接蒸汽带入碱性成分而使染浴pH值升高。</span><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　④控制染色浴比。打小样浴比一般为1：（20～30），而大样生产（筒子染色）浴比为1：10 左右，为避免大小样浴比不同，对某些浴比依存性较敏感的阳离子染料，必须强调打小样应在筒子染色小样机上进行。</span><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　⑤严格执行工艺操作。实践证明，工艺操作的不同也是产生大小样色差的原因之一。工艺操作包括染料溶解，醋酸的用量，染料和助剂的加入方法、升温程序、沸染时间等都不能任意更改。打小样人员必须熟悉车间大生产机台的性能、熟悉工艺操作。小样试样色光确定后，打小样人员要深入车问做先锋试验，确保小样与大样生产的一致性。</span></span></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" id="autoparagraph" style="font-size: medium; max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; caret-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); 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