<section data-role="paragraph" class="_135editor" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><section data-role="paragraph" class="_135editor" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　答 根据前苏联学者的研究，在棉织物碱煮练浴中加入蒽醌或蒽醌磺酸衍生物，在煮练后以双氧水漂白，对棉及涤棉混纺织物均有缩短煮练时间、增加除杂率和提高毛效、白度的效果，对棉织物尚有一定的保护作用。国内曾有人做了试验，用27.77texX27.77tex（21英支×21英支）纯棉细乎布，用NaOH 20g／L、水玻璃0.5％（owf）、磷酸三钠0.5％（owf）、渗透剂JFC 1％（owf）、蒽醌（简称AQ）2g／L及2～蒽醌磺酸钠（简称AQS）29／L，于130℃、60min，在RJ--1180型高温高压染色机中煮练后，对去杂、毛效、白度和强力等指标测试，并在相同条件下加入NaHS03作对比。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　其结果为：去杂效果以AQS为最好，白度以AQ、AQS为最好；毛效以AQ、AQS为最大；强力损伤以AQ、AQS为最小。实验证明，AQ及AQS在棉布煮练中对棉纤维具有较佳催化效果，其效果比NaHS03要好。究其原理可以认为：纤维素是以1，4一苷键结合的β一葡萄糖大分子链，其端基上残存有游离醛基，而纤维素的共生物中，如半纤维素是聚合度较低的葡萄糖大分子，果胶质为聚半乳糖醛酸、聚戊糖和聚己糖等的大分子量的复合化合物。由于果胶质中含有较多的糖醛酸剩基，且相对分子质量较低，因而游离醛基含量的摩尔百分数较纤维素大分子链为高，具有一定的还原性，从而可使蒽醌及蒽醌磺酸钠还原为氢醌形式，而本身氧化成羧酸。蒽醌还原为氢醌形式这一点可从煮练浴中蒽醌（黄色）及蒽醌磺酸钠（黄色）分别呈现出红棕色反映出来。而果胶质本身在高温和碱的作用下会逐渐水解，且因糖醛酸羧基的作用而溶于煮练液中。由于蒽醌的作用，果胶质中部分游离醛基成为羧基，不仅增大了其水溶性，且能加速多聚糖的水解，从而对果胶质的去除起到催化加速作用。因此可以认为，亚硫酸氢钠可与木质素作用生成木质素磺酸钠。但AQ、AQS不仅对木质素起作用，而且对棉籽壳的去除效果要优于NaHS03。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　注：owf表示按织物重量计算。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; caret-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section data-role="paragraph" class="_135editor" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" id="autoparagraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; caret-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section></section>