<p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 1.螺纹扩幅器<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 螺纹扩幅器可分为螺纹扩幅板和螺纹扩幅辊两种。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (1)螺纹扩幅板:如图2-16所示,螺纹扩幅板是一种结构简单的扩幅器。在钢质或铜质的板面上,自中央分向,左右刻有斜槽(螺纹)。斜槽与板轴线成10°～15°夹角。扩幅板通常固定在机架上,当织物从上面滑过时,扩幅板就对织物产生扩幅作用。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2020.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2020.png" data-ratio="0.4430769230769231" data-w="650" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 464.444px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 在分析其扩幅机理时,可取一对以中心线为对称轴的螺纹,分析其受力状况,如图2-17所示。由于织物本身具有柔性,当它在经向张力T<sub style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">2</sub>&nbsp;&gt;T<sub style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">1</sub>&nbsp;的作用下按v方向通过螺纹扩幅板时,与螺纹接触部分的织物嵌入螺纹,与螺纹斜面H紧贴。于是,织物受到H面反作用力Q的作用。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Q力垂直于H面,将Q沿织物的经向和纬向分解为Q<sub style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">y</sub>&nbsp;和Q<sub style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">x</sub>&nbsp;两个分力。Q<sub style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">x</sub>&nbsp;分力使织物沿纬向伸展,产生扩幅作用。相反,在图2-17中,如果织物向相反方向运行,织物将与螺纹的另一面x 将使织物沿纬向收缩。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; H′紧贴。受到H′面反作用力Q′的作用,其纬向分力Q′因此,螺纹扩幅板的扩幅效果与扩幅板的螺纹升角、织物的经向张力、运行速度、同板面的接触程度和织物的性质等因素有关。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (2)螺纹扩幅辊:螺纹扩幅辊是轴向截面为锯齿形、自辊面中部向两端呈左右旋螺纹的直辊。一般由硬橡胶、铜或不锈钢制成,如图2-18所示。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2021.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2021.png" data-ratio="0.47093023255813954" data-w="688" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 464.444px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 按照其运动状况,螺纹扩幅辊可分为主动螺纹扩幅辊和被动螺纹扩幅辊两种。主动螺纹扩幅辊与螺纹扩幅板的扩幅原理相同。只是由于它的回转方向与织物的运行方向相反,增大了织物与辊面间的相对速度,从而增强了扩幅效果。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 被动螺纹扩幅辊是由织物运行时与辊面间的静摩擦力拖动的。设织物在经向张力的作用下产生纬向收缩,使织物紧贴螺纹的外侧面,则织物将受到该螺纹侧面的法向支承力Q的作用,如图2-19所示。把Q分解为Qx 和Q<sub style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">y</sub>&nbsp;,Q<sub style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">x</sub>&nbsp;即为织物受到的扩幅力。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2.弯辊扩幅器</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2022.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2022.png" data-ratio="0.8819444444444444" data-w="432" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 弯辊扩幅器一般由1～5只弯辊组成。在实际生产中最常用的是三弯辊扩幅器。弯辊扩幅器的主要组成部分是弯辊,其结构如图2-20所示。从外表看,弯辊是一根完整而具有一定弹性的弧形橡胶辊,在织物带动下,能绕其弧形轴芯线回转。从弯辊的内部结构看,它由辊芯和辊体两部分组成。辊芯的中部是一根弧形芯轴,在其上通过滚动轴承安装有多节圆柱形套筒,在相邻两套筒间由各自端面上的套齿依次嵌接相连。在芯轴上套有多节胶木或铸铁衬套,并用键固定在芯轴上,可以避免芯轴受到磨损,整个辊芯套在橡胶套中。这样,一方面可以防止辊芯的轴承漏油和多节套筒嵌接处积污;另一方面可以增大辊面与织物的摩擦,提高扩幅能力。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2023.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2023.png" data-ratio="0.5477272727272727" data-w="440" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 弯辊扩幅的原理是当织物以一定的压力紧贴弯辊辊面,并按图2-21所示的方向运行时,由于织物与辊面间存在静摩擦力的作用,使织物的纬向幅度随弯辊母线由AB位置转到CD位置时,弯辊的母线增大。因此,织物纬向幅度也就随之增大,即产生了扩幅作用。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 弯辊的安装位置直接影响其扩幅效果。首先,弯辊的弧突方向必须与织物的运行方向一致,才能起到扩幅作用,否则,将使织物纬向发生收缩。其次,织物与弯辊的包角越大,扩幅能力也越大。但包角不能大于180°,否则,也会使织物纬向产生收缩而起皱。再次,对织物的导入角φ 一定要大于导出角φ ,见图2-22(a)、图2-22(b),这样,可防止织物边缘与弯辊接触松弛,从而增强扩幅力。在安装弯辊的前后导布辊时,一定要注意这一点。另外,当弯辊中部向下倾斜时,能使φ &gt;φ ,见图2-22(c),扩幅力增大。因此,适当改变弯辊芯轴的安装位置,可调节弯辊扩幅器的扩幅能力。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2024.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2024.png" data-ratio="1.5305343511450382" data-w="262" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: pointer; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 从理论上说,弯辊的扩幅能力与弯辊的直径成正比,与弯辊芯轴的弧形半径成反比,因此,加大弯辊的直径和缩小芯轴的半径,可以提高弯辊的扩幅能力。但实际上,过大的直径和过小的弧形半径,都会给弯辊的制造带来困难。另一方面,过小的弧形半径,将使织物经纱产生严重的中稀边密疵病,并出现较大的前凸弧形纬弯。国产标准系列弯辊的直径为100mm,芯轴弧形半径为7500mm。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2025.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2025.png" data-ratio="0.48284960422163586" data-w="379" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 三弯辊扩幅器的装置,如图2-23所示,一般由三根相同的弯辊组成。扩幅器的扩幅量为三根弯辊扩幅量的总和。在实际使用时,可改变下方两根弯辊的相对位置或转动弯辊,改变其芯轴位置,来调节整个扩幅器的扩幅能力。</span></p><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" id="autoparagraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; caret-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section>