<p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 导布辊是平幅染整设备中最常见的通用装置。它的主要作用是支承和引导织物按一定的方向运行,并调整织物在运行方向上的张力。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2001.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2001.png" data-ratio="0.6185286103542235" data-w="367" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p align="left"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 导布辊的结构如图2-1所示,由轴头、闷头和辊体三部分组成。轴头是导布辊安装时的支承部位,轴头根据支承轴承的形式和导布辊的活动情况,可做成不同形状的台阶形短轴。辊体一般用镀铬无缝钢管或不锈钢管制成,也可以采用包覆层,构成不同材质的辊面,如软橡胶辊、硬橡胶辊、尼龙辊等。轴头与辊体通过闷头采用焊接连接。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 按导布辊运动状态不同,导布辊可分为固定导布辊和活动导布辊,而活动导布辊按动力来源不同又可分为主动导布辊和被动导布辊。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 在不同的运动状态和动力来源下,导布辊与平幅织物之间的摩擦作用不同,相应地对织物所产生的张力影响不同,从而改变织物的加工状态,最终影响染整质量。因此,有必要分析导布辊与平幅织物之间的摩擦作用,了解它与平幅织物张力(尤其是经向张力)变化的关系。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 下面分析一下平幅织物通过导布辊时,经向张力的变化情况。为便于讨论,暂不分析导布辊辊面的表面状态和平幅织物的柔性变形。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2002.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2002.png" data-ratio="0.46734397677793904" data-w="689" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 464.444px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2003.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2003.png" data-ratio="0.5218023255813954" data-w="688" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 464.444px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2004.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2004.png" data-ratio="0.3392330383480826" data-w="678" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 464.444px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p align="left"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 因此,平幅织物经过被动导布辊后,其经向张力也将随之增大。平幅织物经过的被动导布辊越多,经向张力的增加也越多。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 平幅织物拖动多根导布辊的情况,在染整设备中是比较常见的。例如,在平洗机的平洗槽中,上下排列着多根被动导布辊。织物在导布辊之间迂回穿行,以增加洗涤次数和延长洗涤时间。为了降低织物的经向张力,必须保持导布辊轴承的良好润滑状态。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 三、平幅织物经过主动导布辊时的受力分析<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 如图2-4所示。设织物进入导布辊一端的经向张力为T<sub style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">0</sub>&nbsp;,引出导布辊一端的经向张力为T<sub style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">3</sub>&nbsp;,导布辊辊面与织物间的静摩擦力为f<sub style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">3</sub>&nbsp;,驱动导布辊转动的外加力矩为M,导布辊辊体的半径为R,显然:</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2005.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2005.png" data-ratio="0.2845303867403315" data-w="362" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2006.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2006.png" data-ratio="0.6873239436619718" data-w="355" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 因此,平幅织物经过主动导布辊后,其经向张力将降低。平幅织物经过的主动导布辊越多,经向张力降低得也越多。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 织物经向张力过小,在运行过程中会松弛,甚至产生皱褶。为了克服这种问题,有时使主动导布辊超速运行。这样,在织物与导布辊辊面之间产生一定的打滑。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 设织物与导布辊辊面间的滑动摩擦力为f<sub style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">4</sub>&nbsp;,打滑时织物输出端的经向张力为T′<sub style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">3</sub>&nbsp;,则有:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2007.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/rzsb2007.png" data-ratio="0.20797720797720798" data-w="351" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-inline-size: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 这样,由于主动导布辊超速打滑,使织物的经向张力有所增大。如平幅出布装置中的落布辊,常使用主动导布辊,并与牵引辊的速度保持1∶1１06的比例超速运行,使织物不致松弛起皱。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 由于导布辊辊面与织物直接接触,因此,要求辊面平直光滑,不能有任何毛刺和缺陷。对于转动轴式导布辊,则还要求辊面与轴颈有较好的同心度,安装要平直,转动要灵活,保证轴承具有良好的润滑性能等。&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" id="autoparagraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; caret-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section>