<p><br></p><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="font-size: medium; max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 棉花加工厂的子棉输送形式有两种,过去比较常用的是负压输送,三管配棉,现在多为螺旋(绞龙)配棉。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 螺旋配棉是利用螺旋在螺旋槽内旋转,将子棉输送到螺旋下部的轧花机配棉箱内。螺旋配棉装置的结构如图11-4所示。螺旋配棉装置由配棉螺旋、溢流棉仓及溢流棉输送装置组成。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/tu11-4.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/tu11-4.png" data-ratio="0.7631578947368421" data-w="342" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><section align="left" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;</span></p></section><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 配棉螺旋是水平固定式螺旋输送机,由螺旋机本体、进料口和出料口及驱动装置三大部分组成。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 螺旋机本体由头部轴承、尾部轴承、中间轴承、螺旋、料槽、盖板等机件组成。为了便于子棉在出料口顺利落入轧花机配棉箱,螺旋叶片采用特殊的实体面,是一种根部厚、端部薄的梯形结构。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 料槽采用特制的斜壁槽,螺旋偏向不对称斜壁槽的一侧安装,螺旋叶片与料槽的最小间隙为15mm。中间轴承固定在料槽侧壁上,呈斜向悬挂。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 图11-5为美国拉姆斯公司生产的配棉绞龙。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/tu11-5.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/tu11-5.png" data-ratio="0.4939271255060729" data-w="494" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 464px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><section align="left" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;</span></p></section><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 溢流棉输送装置是吸送式气力输送装置,由吸嘴、子棉管、溢流棉分离器、溢流棉回吸风机、空气管及除尘器等机件组成。其主要作用是储存轧花配棉后多余的子棉,或当轧花机出现故障时,储存工艺管道中的子棉。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 三管配棉装置主要由子棉管、三管配棉箱、回风管、配棉风机、除尘器、阻子活门、节气活门及节气活门换向机构等机件组成,如图11-6所示。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/tu11-6.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/tu11-6.png" data-ratio="0.4681274900398406" data-w="502" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 464px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><section align="left" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;</span></p></section><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 三管配棉箱是三管配棉装置的主要设备,它由1根输料管、2根吸气管及箱体等机件组成,如图11-7所示。三管配棉箱可用薄钢板制成。在箱内设有一帆布阀,其作用是在通风机吸风时自动闭合,保持箱内负压,以便吸入和存放子棉。箱内还设有2块筛网,其作用是将子棉和空气分离,混入子棉中的细小杂质则通过网孔经风机进入除尘器。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/tu11-7.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/tu11-7.png" data-ratio="0.8571428571428571" data-w="350" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><section align="left" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;</span></p></section><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 配棉箱体上部横截面面积略小于下部横截面面积(约小15%),这种结构利于子棉下落。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 配棉箱下部尺寸取决于轧花机进棉口的大小。箱体高度取决于要求的子棉储存量,而子棉储存量以保证轧花机能连续生产为原则。通常,配棉箱的高度是根据轧花机的产量、生产线上轧花机的台数设计的。一般要求配棉箱的储棉高度为1000～2000mm,配棉箱的总高度为2500～3500mm。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 在子棉输送三通管分叉后的2根互相平行的输料臂内,装有阻气阀门,其作用是一组进料时,防止另一组补入空气。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 因为三管配棉是分两组工作的,故子棉管、阻子活门、回风管、节气活门均要分两组设置,配棉箱也要分两组与子棉管、回风管连接。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 两个阻子活门分别安装在子棉管三通的两个支管内(安装阻子活门的管段,为正方形截面),用来控制气流和子棉的输送方向。阻子活门一般为钢制的正方形活门,活门的一边固定于小轴上,其余三边为自由边,为保证关闭严密,可在活门四周加垫橡胶。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 滤网采用编织网,网孔规格为8～10目,形状为长方形,固装于配棉箱内上部回风管的进口。滤网的高度决定了滤网透风面积。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 帆布套套在配棉箱内的下部。筒状的帆布套上端两侧用螺钉固装在箱壁上,螺钉呈“Y”<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 形或“V”形布置,以防止帆布套向上卷起。当配棉箱处于工作状态(即负压状态)时,帆布套自动闭合,既阻止了外界空气进入箱内,又可以承接子棉管吸入的子棉。帆布套的高度,要求在配棉箱工作时既不能被气流吸翻(过短所致),也不至于吸合不严(过长所致),通常在1m左右。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 气阀门由压盖和弹簧组成。气阀门的启闭是利用气流负压吸力和弹簧变形力的抗衡作用完成的。当配棉箱处于工作状态时,气流负压吸力克服弹簧的变形力,使气阀门关闭,阻止外界空气进入箱内;当配棉箱处于非工作状态时,气流负压吸力消失,弹簧恢复变形,使气阀门开启,外界空气可进入箱内。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 节气活门换向机构的形式较多,使用较为普遍的有电动推杆式和定时盘式两种。电动推杆式节气活门换向机构的结构如图11-8所示,它通过电动推杆的伸缩实现节气活门的换向。节气活门的启、闭时间由时间继电器控制。定时盘式换向机构节气活门的启、闭时间由凸轮定时盘的形状、转速决定,该机构的最大缺点是结构复杂,节气活门的启闭时间不能任意调节,已被淘汰。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><img src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/tu11-8.png" _src="http://dayaotex-img.gz.bcebos.com/article/fffspic/tu11-8.png" data-ratio="0.43253234750462105" data-w="541" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 464px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important; height: auto !important;"></p><section align="left" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;</span></p></section><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><span style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 三管配棉的工作过程如下:当第一组的节气活门由换向机构驱动开启时,第二组的节气活门即换向关闭。第一组的配棉箱内形成负压,阻子活门开启,子棉经子棉管、阻子活门进入配棉箱内,含尘空气经回风管、节气活门、风机,送往除尘器净化处理;第二组配棉箱内的负压消失,阻子活门关闭,配棉箱内的子棉供给轧花机加工。经过预定的开启时间后,第一组的节气活门又由换向机构驱动关闭,第二组的节气活门即换向开启。此时,第一组配棉箱内的负压消失,阻子活门关闭,配棉箱内的子棉供给轧花机加工;第二组的配棉箱内形成负压,阻子活门开启,子棉经子棉管、阻子活门进入配棉箱内,含尘空气经回风管、节气活门、风机,送往除尘器净化处理。节气活门的启闭周期,也称配棉周期。为保证轧花机的连续生产,每组节气活门开启配棉时,从子棉管吸入后在配棉箱内储存的子棉量应满足轧花机加工一个配棉周期。<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 由于棉纤维加工业的发展以及三管配棉装置的不断升级,三管配棉系统已经得到行业内部的肯定,特别是在加工长绒棉的配花系统时,三管配棉装置有很多的优点:<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (1)控制简单可靠,子棉吸入量超过限度时,能自由停止吸花,不存在溢棉问题;<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (2)安装方便,对前道工序子棉清理机的安装也无特殊要求;<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (3)三管配棉装置配花结构简单,使用故障率低,检修方便。特别是加工长绒棉,长绒棉子棉在风运管道运行,减少了机械运动,可以减少加工过程中皮棉的疵点;<br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (4)加工过程中加工的子棉,在三管配棉装置中运动,子棉和车间的空气隔离,形成负压,减少了车间空气中粉尘的污染,保持了车间的整洁、卫生,并能减少粉尘对工作人员的危害。</span></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" id="autoparagraph" style="font-size: medium; max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; caret-color: rgb(255, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p></section>