<section class="_135editor" data-role="paragraph" style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; z-index: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　拔染印花也称雕印。指在已染色的织物上印上可消去“地色”的色浆而产生白色或彩色花纹的印花工艺。印花时，先在地色织物上印上含有可破坏地色的色浆，烘干后用含有拔染剂或同时含有耐拔染剂的花色染料印花。后处理时，印花处地色染料被破坏而消色，形成色地上的白色花纹或因花色染料上染形成的彩色花纹，又称拔色或色拔。由于拔染印花的花纹更为细致和逼真，花纹层次丰富、色彩对比强烈、轮廓清晰、色光丰满而越来越受到人们的重视。它是借助还原剂和氧化剂将有色织物的底色破坏而获得局部消色或有色的花纹。由于织物的不同，选用的化学拔染剂也有所不同。拔染印花既可用于匹布，也可用于成品服装。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　1、色浆调制</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　糊料和染料先充分搅拌均匀，过滤后，再加入过滤过的加工锡。但要注意不能把加工锡与染料同时搅拌，否则染料很难溶化，会使印花时堵网、色点、塞点等现象的出现，在调制拔染白浆或浅颜色的色拔浆时，要加入适量的活性蓝，加工锡在使用前必须充分搅拌，且过滤；根据花型掌握加工锡的用量，如果用量少了会使花型模糊，轮廓不清。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　2、控制温度</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　印花机烘房的温度，一般情况下不得高于100°C，以低温烘干为宜，烘燥温度过高，为降低加工锡的拔染效果。染底不超过120°C，轧底刮底烘干不要超过100°C，低温烘干为宜，烘干过程中不宜中途停机。加工锡对网版、设备的腐蚀性较大，正常情况下，生产5000米，务必检查网版，防止出现砂漏，线条不光洁等。印花机刮刀压力调节要均匀，要打好接版样。拔染糊料一般采用白糊精或合成龙胶，脱糊性比海藻酸钠差，所以最好使用绳状式水洗机且要加强还原清洗，使布面清爽、色光纯真、花型轮廓分明。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　涤纶织物防拔染可分为碱拔和锡拔，但用加工锡在涤纶仿真丝织物防拔染印花效果好。因为加工锡是改性后的氯化亚锡，其难溶于水不易被空气氧化，增加了色浆的稳定性，从而可提高印花的质量。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　全棉布的防拔染印花：可使用可拔染性活性染料染底色，可使用乙烯砜基活性黑染料染底色，烘干后印花，印花后用湿罩印花法罩印底色（黑色）。采用轧-烘法工艺染底色（黑色），染料不易固着。在未固着的黑色底色上进行罩印，烘干、汽蒸、促使同时显色，黑底色易转变成黑带红色相。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"></p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; line-height: 1.75em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;">　　蚕丝和羊毛纺织品的拔染色印花：地色可用具有偶氮结构的酸性染料和活性染料染制，涤纶和醋酸纤维纺织品的地色可用具有偶氮结构的分散染料染制，拔染剂通常是强还原剂，常用氧化亚锡，拔染印花主要用于深地色印花，印花效果好。</p><p style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; outline: none 0px !important;"><br style="max-inline-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; 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