<p class="MsoNormal"> <b><span style="font-family:宋体;">一、国外机采棉和国内机采棉的区别：</span></b><span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>1</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">）国外机采棉主要产地在美国、澳大利亚、巴西等农场式管理的发达国家，</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;">大概有</span><span>700</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">万亩机采棉。</span> <span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">特点：无异纤、成熟度较好、整齐度好、短绒率低、含杂率低，一致性好。</span><span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>2</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">）国内机采棉主要产于新疆兵团（北疆机采棉占本地棉花</span><span>80%</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">左右，南疆机采棉占本地棉花</span><span>40%</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">左右）；内地很少，只有几个有机采棉示范区有机采棉。</span> <span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">国内大概有</span><span>150</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">万亩机采棉。</span> <span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">特点：成熟度差、短绒率高、含杂率高、有三丝、有地膜混入棉花中引起的蛇皮丝。</span>&nbsp;</p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <b><span style="font-family:宋体;">二、机采棉和手摘棉概况：</span></b><span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>1</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">）机采棉：</span><span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <b><span style="font-family:宋体;">一次性采摘方式</span><span></span></b> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>1</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">、优点：</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">产量高、棉花采摘容易管理、运输方便、异性纤维含量少，成本比手摘棉低（每公斤可节约</span><span>0.5</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">元到</span><span>1</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">元左右）。</span> <span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>2</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">、缺点：</span> <span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">籽棉的含杂率高、原棉的各类疵点数量多、原棉的短绒率高（</span><span>16%-20%</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">）、整齐度差、强力低、成熟度差、死棉多，籽棉加工流程长。纺纱时落棉多，纱线毛羽大。</span> <span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>3</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">、纺纱适应性：</span> <span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">一般</span><span>21</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">支以下普梳纱和气流纺纱，最高达到</span><span>40</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">支。</span><span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <br> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>2</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">）手摘棉：</span> <span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <b><span style="font-family:宋体;">分层采摘方式</span></b>&nbsp; </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>1</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">、优点：</span> <span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">籽棉的含杂率低、原棉成熟度好，死棉少，短绒率低（</span><span>11%-12%</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">），整齐度好，</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;">单产相对较高。</span> <span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>2</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">、缺点：</span> <span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">用工多，采摘成本高，异纤多。</span> <span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>3</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">、纺纱适应性：</span><span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">可纺支数一般为</span><span>40</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">支，最高可达</span><span>60</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">支左右。</span><span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>&nbsp;</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <b><span style="font-family:宋体;">三、皮棉价格计算：</span> </b><span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">皮棉价格</span><span>=</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">【籽棉每斤单价</span><span>—</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">棉籽每斤单价</span><span>*</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">（</span><span>1—</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">衣分率</span><span>—</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">加工时棉籽伤耗）】</span><span>/</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">衣分率</span><span>x2000+</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">每吨加工费</span><span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">例如：籽棉单价</span><span>3.5</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">元</span><span>/</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">斤，</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;">棉籽单价</span><span>1</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">元</span><span>/</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">斤，伤耗</span><span>2%</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">，衣分率</span><span>40%</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">，加工费</span><span>800</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">元</span><span>/</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">吨</span><span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">皮棉价格</span><span>=</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">（</span><span>3.5-1*58%</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">）</span><span>*2000/0.4+800</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =15400</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">元</span><span>/</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">吨</span><span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>&nbsp;</span> </p>