<section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="128956" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 10px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; transform-style: preserve-3d; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 20px 13px 13px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; background-color: rgb(247, 249, 251); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-autoskip="1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 1.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background-color: transparent; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">因三组分纤维组合、混合比例、纤维光泽、染色性能、沾色等的复杂化，三组分纤维纺织品的染色和配色比双组分纤维制品复杂得多，其可获得的染色色彩效果因以上因素的变化而变化。一般而言，同色效果的染色十分困难，异色、留白、异色加留白则显得相对简单。</p></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22px; white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果三种纤维染色性能各不相同，需要分别用三类染料染色，不仅同色染色困难，而且由于三种染料在三种纤维间的相互沾色，使得获得具有鲜明对比效应的多色染色效果也较难。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22px; white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果其中两种纤维染浓淡色或异色，一种纤维留白，这是比较容易实现的；如果其中两种纤维染浓淡色，一种纤维染对比色，这样的异色染色效果也容易实现。例如，用分散染料、阳离子染料、酸性染料三种染料染色的三组分纤维纺织制品，由于分散染料对两种离子型染料可染的纤维的色相有影响，故三色异色染色在色相方面受到不小限制，难度较大。</span></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="119757" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="119755" data-width="95%" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; width: 95%; flex: 0 0 95%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: 95% !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 10px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(217, 150, 148); display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: flex-end; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: left; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); font-size: 28px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-brushtype="text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">同 色</strong></span></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(93, 139, 255); text-align: left; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-brushtype="text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Part.</strong></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-original-title="" title="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1</strong></span></span></section></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p></section><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 0em; line-height: 1.6; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">同色效果</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 0em; line-height: 1.6; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">(solideffect或union-dye effect)是指两种纤维染成相近的色相或色调，而且表观色深或颜色浓淡相近，颜色鲜艳度也接近。如果用颜色特征值来表示的话，则同色效果意味着两种纤维的明度或亮度L相近、偏红偏绿指数a和偏黄偏蓝指数b相近、色相角H相近、彩度C相近、反射光谱曲线和最大吸收波长λmax相近、表观色深K/S值相近。</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">同色染色是双组分纤维纺织品采用得最多的一种染色方法，对于那些以降低原料成本、提高服用耐久性和改善面料物理性能为目的而开发的双组分纤维纺织品而言，尤其如此。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">同色染色的难易程度因纤维组合的不同而差别较大。染色性能接近的纤维组合，同色染色较容易；染色性能差别特别大的纤维组合，只要将两种纤维分别进行染色，通过配色可解决同色性问题，在两类染料对两类纤维相互沾色较小或沾色很容易去除的情况下，同色染色也相对容易。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 0em; line-height: 1.6; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">同色染色最难的是分散染料染色的聚酯纤维与其它分散染料可染型纤维(如醋酯或其它合纤)的双组分纤维纺织品，尽管通过改变染色温度和添加染色载体可调节分散染料在两种纤维上的上染量，但这种调整是有一定限度的。当然，对于涤纶/锦纶或腈纶混纺交织制品，可用酸性或阳离子染料分别将锦纶或腈纶调节至与涤纶同色。对于醋酯/涤纶交织制品的同色染色，若是染深浓色，在苛刻的染色条件下醋酯纤维很容易受到损伤，因此深浓色一浴法同色染色实际上是不太可行的。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 0em; line-height: 1.6; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">比较容易获得同色染色效果的双组分纤维纺织制品，如酸性染料可染的锦纶或腈纶与阳离子染料可染的锦纶、涤纶或腈纶混纺交织制品，因两类染料/纤维相互间的沾色程度小，故通过配色很容易获得同色，而且染色的重演性也好。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 0em; line-height: 1.6; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">双组分纤维纺织品中各组分纤维的光泽、透光率等的差异经常会影响同色效果，例如，有光纤维/羊毛混纺制品就不如消光的人造丝或合成纤维/羊毛混纺制品容易染得同色。</span></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="119755" data-width="95%" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; width: 95%; flex: 0 0 95%; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: 95% !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 10px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(217, 150, 148); display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: flex-end; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: left; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); font-size: 28px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-brushtype="text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">留 白</strong></span></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(93, 139, 255); text-align: left; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-brushtype="text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Part.</strong></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-original-title="" title="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2</strong></span></span></section></section></section><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">留白效果</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">是指一种纤维染色，而另一种纤维不着色，保持白色。在有些交织提花纺织品中，常将这种留白效果称为“闪银”。留白染色要求一种染料对一种纤维染色时，不能沾染另一纤维，必须对另一种纤维具有优秀的防染效果(reserve effect)，否则，难以获得洁白的“闪银”外观。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">留白染色的难易程度取决于双组分纤维纺织品的纤维组合、选用的染化料、染色工艺条件等，其中纤维组合的合理性是留白效应纺织品设计中应考虑的第一要素。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">为了获得很好的留白染色效果，应选用染色性能差别大的纤维作原料，而且留白纤维本身的光泽往往应好于染色纤维的光泽。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">合成纤维的可染性通常较天然纤维和普通人造丝差，在对天然纤维和人造丝染色时，合成纤维一般不沾色或沾色程度很小，因此，合成纤维作留白纤维组分，比较容易获得很好的留白效果。典型的例子如羊毛/涤纶、蚕丝/涤纶、羊毛/醋酯、粘胶/丙纶等混纺交织制品，在羊毛、蚕丝、粘胶纤维染色时，涤纶、丙纶和醋酯纤维一般不会沾色；但是，如果用羊毛作留白纤维组分，则留白染色的难度很大，几乎是不可能的，因为在用分散染料染醋酯和涤纶纤维时，羊毛沾色特别严重，而且分散染料在羊毛上的沾色很难洗除。</span></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">对于蛋白质纤维/再生纤维素纤维纺织品而言，很多酸性染料在酸性条件下是不能上染或沾染于再生纤维素纤维上，故再生纤维素纤维是很容易留白的。对于这类产品，有光粘胶人丝和光泽较好的Modal纤维常常被用作留白纤维组分。在丝绸行业，真丝/粘胶人丝提花交织物或被面就是一种容易获得留白效果的传统产品。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在双组分纤维纺织品中，酸性染料可染纤维(如羊毛、蚕丝和锦纶)作为留白纤维组分的例子是极为少见的，这主要是由该类纤维的染色特性所决定的，因为很多染料在染其它纤维组分时对酸性染料可染纤维均有沾色。羊毛留白的羊毛混纺交织制品实际上是没有的；锦纶具有良好留白效果的混纺交织制品也不易见到，锦纶/醋酯或涤纶交织物中的锦纶纤维不可能获得留白效果；锦纶与粘胶或棉纤维的交织物，可以让锦纶留白，但染色难度很大，一定要通过对纤维素纤维用染料进行筛选、添加防染剂、合理控制染色温度和染浴pH值等措施才能使锦纶留白。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">对于某些纤维组合，如腈纶或聚酯纤维/纤维素纤维、酸性染料可染合纤/阳离子染料可染合纤，两种纤维均有可能做到留白。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">有人认为，如果采用原液着色纤维或染色纤维与白色纤维混纺以及用色纱和白纱一起进行织造，比较容易开发留白效应的面料。但是，对已着色纤维或纱线要具备很高的水洗牢度，能经受后道印染加工，否则，这类织物(主要指染色纤维和纱)在洗涤或退浆时仍可能会出现留白纤维沾色的现象，影响留白效果。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">对于留白效应的双组分纤维纺织品而言，留白纤维组分在染色时的沾色是一个值得引起高度重视的问题，以下是减轻沾色的主要措施：</span></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1、选用对染色纤维亲和力高、对留白纤维无亲和力或亲和力很小、沾色易洗除的染料染色；</span></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2、合理制定染色条件(如温度、pH值等)，尽可能保证染色纤维对染料的最大吸尽，降低留白纤维沾色量；</span></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3、选用对留白纤维具有选择性吸附的无色助剂(防染剂)，添加的助剂应具有与沾染染料对留白纤维相同的吸附机理；</span></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">4、染色后需用净洗剂洗除留白纤维上沾染的染料，或用还原剂破坏沾染染料的发色体。</span></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="119755" data-width="95%" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; width: 95%; flex: 0 0 95%; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: 95% !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 10px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(217, 150, 148); display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: flex-end; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: left; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 28px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-brushtype="text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">浓淡色</strong></span></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(93, 139, 255); text-align: left; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-brushtype="text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Part.</strong></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-original-title="" title="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3</strong></span></span></section></section></section><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">浓淡效应</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">(tone in tone, tone on tone,two-tone或shadow effect)是指两种纤维染成相近色相或色调和鲜艳度、但浓淡或明度不同的颜色。浓淡效果实际上是界于同色和留白之间的一种中间效果，一般认为一种纤维的表观色深为另一纤维的1/3至1/2为最佳。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">浓淡染色效果在四种染色效果中最简单、最容易获得。对于纤维化学组成或染色性能相近的纤维组合，用一种染料染色即可达到浓淡效果，例如：纤维素纤维之间的混纺交织制品(麻/棉、棉/Lyocell、麻/Lyocell、粘胶/Lyocell等)用直接或活性染料染色，醋酯/涤纶、常规涤纶/浓染型涤纶、涤纶/聚乳酸纤维、涤纶/PTT纤维纺织品用分散染料染色，锦纶/羊毛、羊毛/马海毛、羊毛/蚕丝、羊毛/大豆纤维、蚕丝/大豆纤维和淡染/浓染型锦纶纺织品用酸性染料染色。实际上，一些同系列的纤维因结晶度、取向度、截面和表面形状结构、光泽等的差异就会产生表观浓度的差别。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">对于染色性能不同的纤维组合而言，采用两类染料分别对两类纤维进行染色，通过配色也能获得浓淡染色效果，只不过其染色难度比染色性能相近的纤维组合大些罢了。</span></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="119755" data-width="95%" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; width: 95%; flex: 0 0 95%; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; max-width: 95% !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 10px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(217, 150, 148); display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: flex-end; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: left; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 28px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-brushtype="text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">异 色</strong></span></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(93, 139, 255); text-align: left; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-brushtype="text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Part.</strong></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-original-title="" title="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">4</strong></span></span></section></section></section><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">异色</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">是指两种纤维染成不同的色相，即双色(two colour)。一般而言，在这种情况下，两种纤维上的染料上染量差别并不大，但通常要求颜色具有强烈的对比效应(contrast effect)，例如，红色与绿色、蓝色与橙色、紫色与黄色、黑色与黄、橙、红色等。当然，有时对颜色的对比效应要求并不很高，微妙的色彩对比也是一种效果。异色染色在色彩上关键是要讲究颜色的对比或配色的协调性、美观性和时尚性。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">同系列或染色性能相近的纤维组合很难获得异色染色效果，即使能获得，对染料选用和染色工艺控制的要求也很高，染色重演性并不好，这样的例子如纤维素纤维类混纺交织制品、聚酯类混纺交织制品、羊毛和锦纶的混纺交织制品。这类双组分纤维纺织品如需获得异色效果，最好的办法是采用色纺和色织。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">异色染色效果的双组分纤维纺织品经常使用染色性能差别大的纤维作原料组合，例如合成纤维与蛋白质纤维或纤维素纤维的组合、酸性染料可染合纤与阳离子染料可染合纤的组合(如锦纶/腈纶)、蛋白质纤维与纤维素纤维的组合。对于含合成纤维的组合，如果原料中增加一种原液着色的纤维，通过适当的染色方法，还可获得多色效果(multi-coloured)。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">异色染色中应可能避免各纤维组分的沾色，选用的两类染料对两类纤维组分最好相互不沾色。因为沾色不仅影响了颜色的鲜艳度和对比度，而且也增加了配色的难度，并降低了染色制品的水洗和摩擦牢度。当一种纤维沾色严重时，就很难获得鲜明的对比色效果。''</span></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">对于分散染料可染纤维/离子型染料可染纤维双组分纤维纺织品，如果分散染料对两种纤维均具有可染性(如涤纶/锦纶、涤纶/腈纶)，则在用分散染料/离子型染料染色时，尽管能获得异色染色效果，但是两种纤维的颜色组合受到了一定的限制。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在染色方法方面，当两类染料具有相容性、且对两类纤维相互不沾色或沾色很容易用洗涤剂洗除时，最好采取简单的同浴法染色，例如涤纶/纤维素纤维制品用沾色低和可洗性好分散染料与高温型直接染料或活性染料同浴染色。当两类染料染色条件相差较大时或一种纤维沾色严重时，应该采取二浴法染色，并且在两类染料染色之间需进行水洗、皂洗或还原清洗。当两类染料电荷性质相反时，采取一浴法染色需添加抗沉淀剂，但深浓色不宜采用一浴法染色，而应该采用二浴法染色或一浴二步法染色。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0.2176px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(38, 38, 38); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">目前，在时装领域，不少混纺交织面料通过采取添加金银丝的办法以增强服饰色彩的吸引力，对于这类面料的异色染色，一定要注意染色温度和染色药剂对金银丝光泽的影响以及分散染料对金银丝的沾色。</span></p></section>