<section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor"><section data-role="paragraph" class="_135editor"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; line-height: 2em; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: 14px; color: #000000;font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></strong></span></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="127017"><section style="margin: 10px auto;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;margin: 0 0 -20px;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;transform-style: preserve-3d "><section style="flex-shrink: 0;;transform: translateZ(10px);-webkit-transform: translateZ(10px);-moz-transform: translateZ(10px);-o-transform: translateZ(10px);"><section style="width: 30px; height: 0px; overflow: hidden;"></section></section><section style="margin: 3px 0 0 -12px;"><section style="background-color: rgb(231, 241, 205); border-radius: 25px; padding: 0px 0px 3px;"><section style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; background-color: rgb(197, 224, 87); border-radius: 25px; padding: 6px 20px;"><p style="line-height:2em"><span style="font-size: 14px; color: #000000;font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;;"><strong class="135brush" data-brushtype="text">分散染料的分散稳定性：</strong></span></p></section></section></section><section style="flex-shrink: 0;margin: 0 0 0 -12px;transform: translateZ(10px);-webkit-transform: translateZ(10px);-moz-transform: translateZ(10px);-o-transform: translateZ(10px);"><section style="width: 30px; height: 0px; overflow: hidden;"></section></section></section></section><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background-color: rgb(254, 252, 246); padding: 25px 13px 15px; border-radius: 15px;"><p style="line-height:2em"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;;">分散染料倾入水中随即分散成细小的粒子，粒度分布按二项式展开，平均值在0.5～1微米。品质高的商品染料粒度大小十分接近，有一个高的百分数，可用粒度分布曲线表明。粒度分布差的染料，带有大小不等的粗粒，分散稳定性也差。若是粒度大大超过平均值范围，即可能出现微小粒子重结晶。由于重结晶大粒子增多，导致染料析出，沉积在染色机壁上或纤维上。<br></span></p><p><br></p><p style="line-height:2em"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;;">为使染料微小细粒成为稳定的水分散体，水中要有足够浓度沸染分散剂。染料微粒被分散剂包围，不使染料彼此靠近，防止相互聚集或结块成团。阴离子的电荷斥力有助于分散体的稳定。常用的阴离子分散剂包括天然的木质素磺酸盐或合成的萘磺酸系分散剂：另有非离子分散剂，多数是烷基酚聚氧乙烯衍生物，专用于合成糊料印花。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="_135editor" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="127017"><section style="margin: 10px auto;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;margin: 0 0 -20px;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;transform-style: preserve-3d "><section style="flex-shrink: 0;;transform: translateZ(10px);-webkit-transform: translateZ(10px);-moz-transform: translateZ(10px);-o-transform: translateZ(10px);"><section style="width: 30px; height: 0px; overflow: hidden;"></section></section><section style="margin: 3px 0 0 -12px;"><section style="background-color: rgb(231, 241, 205); border-radius: 25px; padding: 0px 0px 3px;"><section style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; background-color: rgb(197, 224, 87); border-radius: 25px; padding: 6px 20px;"><p style="line-height:2em"><span style="font-size: 14px; color: #000000;font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;;"><strong class="135brush" data-brushtype="text">影响分散染料分散稳定性的因素：</strong></span></p></section></section></section><section style="flex-shrink: 0;margin: 0 0 0 -12px;transform: translateZ(10px);-webkit-transform: translateZ(10px);-moz-transform: translateZ(10px);-o-transform: translateZ(10px);"><section style="width: 30px; height: 0px; overflow: hidden;"></section></section></section></section><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background-color: rgb(254, 252, 246); padding: 25px 13px 15px; border-radius: 15px;"><p><br></p><p style="line-height:2em"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;;">原染料中的杂质可能对分散状态产生不利影响。染料结晶的改变也是重要因素，有些结晶状态容易分散，而另一些状态则不很容易。在染色过程中，染料的晶态有时也会发生变化。</span></p><p><br></p><p style="line-height:2em"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;;">染料分散在水溶液中，因受外界因素影响，使分散的稳定状态遭到破坏，有可能产生染料结晶增大、粒子聚集和絮凝现象。&nbsp;</span></p><p><br></p><p style="line-height:2em"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;;">&nbsp;聚集和絮凝的区别在于，前者可以重新消失，是可逆的，通过搅拌再得到分散，而絮凝的染料是无法再恢复稳定的分散液。由于染料粒子絮凝造成的后果有：产生色点，上色减慢，得色降低，染色不匀，染槽积垢等。</span></p><p><br></p><p style="line-height:2em"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;;">造成染液分散体不稳定的因素大致有：染料品质低劣、染液温度偏高、时间过长、泵速太快、pH值偏低、助剂不当、织物不净等。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section>