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染整车间常用染色术语及机织物类别分析

2022-12-06 08:42:57

<section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor"><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="116481" data-color="#d82821" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: flex; align-items: center; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; 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padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: left; letter-spacing: 1.5px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">染厂常用术语</section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">1、染色牢度：染色产品在使用或以后的加工处理过程中能保持原来色泽的能力。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">2、浸染：将纺织品浸渍在染液中，经一定时间使染料上染并固着在纤维上的染色方法。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">3、轧染：织物在染液中经过短暂的浸渍后，随即用轧辊轧压，将染液挤入纺织品组织空隙并去除多余染液，使染料均匀分布在织物上，染料的固着是在以后的气蒸等过程中完成的。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">4、浴比：染液体积与被染物质量之比。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">5、轧液率：织物上带的染液质量占干布质量的百分率。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">6、泳移：织物在浸轧染液以后的烘干过程中，染料沿着水分蒸发方向移动的现象，引起阴阳面等色差。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">7、扩散边界层：动力边界层内靠近纤维表面的染液几乎是静止的，此时，然也主要靠自身的扩散靠近纤维表面，该也曾成为扩散边界层。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">8、动电层电位：吸附层与扩散层发生相对运动而产生的电位差。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">9、动力边界层：一般把染液从染液本体到纤维表面流速降低的区域成为动力边界层。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">10、双电层电位：在水溶液中，纤维表面带负电荷与其带相反电荷的正离子由于热运动距离纤维表面远近一定的浓度分布。因此产生一个吸附层和一个扩散层即所谓的双电层。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">11、直接性：染料离开染液上染纤维的性能，一般可用染色平衡时染料的上染百分率来表示。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">12、平衡上染百分率：在一定条件下染色达到平衡时，纤维上吸附的染料量占投入染料总量的百分比。上染百分率：吸附在纤维上的染料量占投入总量的百分率。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">13、平衡吸附量：染色平衡时纤维上的染料浓度成为平衡吸附量。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">14、染色饱和值：纤维在一定的染色温度下，所能上染的最大染料量。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">15、半染时间：达到平衡吸附量一半所需要的时间，用t1/2表示，表示染色达到平衡的快慢。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">16、匀染：染料在织物表面以及纤维内部分布的均匀程度。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">17、移染：使上染较多部位的染料通过解吸转移到上染较少的部位，提高匀染效果。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">18、亲和力：纤维上染料标准化学位和染液中染料标准化学位差值的负值。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">19、染色热：无限小量染料从含有染料呈标准状态的染液中转移到染有染料呈标准状态的纤维上，每摩尔染料转移所吸收的热量。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">20、染色熵：无限小量的染料从标准状态的染液中转移到标准状态的纤维上，每摩尔染料转移所引起的物系熵变，单位kJ/（℃·mol）。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">21、染色活化能：染料分子要靠近纤维表面，必须具有一定的能量，克服由于静电斥力而产生的能阻，该能量称为染色活化能。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">22、还原染料：不溶于水，必须在碱性溶液中被强还原剂还原成可溶于水，且对纤维有亲和力的隐色体钠盐而上染纤维，染色红再经氧化，恢复为原来不溶性的染料色淀固着在纤维上。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">23、隐色体浸染：指把染料预先还原为隐色体，在染液中被纤维吸附，然后在进行氧化，皂煮。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">24、悬浮体轧染：将织物直接浸轧还原染料配成的悬浮体溶液，再浸轧还原液，在气蒸等条件下使染料还原成隐色体，被纤维吸附、上染的方法。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">25、干缸还原：染料和助剂不直接加入染槽，而是先在另一较小容器中用较浓的碱性还原液还原，然后再将隐色体钠盐的溶液加入染浴中。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">26、全浴还原：染料直接在染浴中还原的方法。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">27、隐色体电位：还原染料隐色体开始被氧化析出沉淀的电位，成为隐色体电位。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">28、半还原时间：是还原达到平衡浓度一半所需的时间。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">29、内聚能：1mol物质气化升华所吸收的热量。内聚能密度，单位摩尔体积的内聚能。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">30、阳离子染料的配伍指数K：反映染料亲和力大小和扩散速率高低的综合指标。划分为5组，配伍指数越趋近于1，染料对纤维的亲和力高，上染速率越快，而配伍指数越趋近于5，染料对纤维的亲和力低，上染速率越慢。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">31、染色饱和浓度：能是给定纤维达到饱和吸附所需商品染料的量，以相对于纤维或织物的质量来表示。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">32、饱和系数f：纤维的染色饱和值与染料的染色饱和浓度之比，是阳离子染料的特征常数，与染料的纯度和摩尔质量有关，而与纤维特性或种类无关。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">33、纤维的染色饱和值：表征和评价纤维可染性的重要指标之一，是纤维本身的一种特性常数，可以表征单位质量纤维上含有可容纳阳离子染料的阴离子染座数量。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">34、直接印花：在白色或有色纺织面料上直接印制各种颜色的印花色浆从而形成印花图案的方法。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">35、防染印花：先在纺织面料上印制能够纺织染料着色的色浆，然后染色或压印其他色的色浆。先印花部位的色浆能够破坏和阻止后染或后印染料对所印纤维着色，从而形成花纹，这样的印花方法叫防染印花。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">36、拔染印花：在已经染色或染色而未固色的面料上，印制能够破坏已染色染料结构或能阻尚未固色染料固色的印浆。印花后经过适当处理如气蒸水洗。印花部位染料能显色，形成白色花纹，这种印花方法叫拔染印花。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">37、转移印花：将印花图案预先印制到特定的纸张上，得到所谓的转移印花纸，然后转移印花纸与所印纺织面料复合，通过热和力或者在一定的湿度下施加压力，转移印花纸上的图案便转印到纺织面料上。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">38、印花原糊：指加在印花色浆中能起增稠作用的高分子化合物，即印花糊料。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">39、流变性：物体在切应力作用下的流动变形特性。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">40、涂料印花：将带有颜色或具有特殊视觉效果的非水溶性物质颗粒用高分子黏着剂附着在纤维表面形成所需花纹图案的印花方法。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">41、着色力：颜料以其本身颜色使被着色基质具有颜色的能力。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">42、吸附等温线：在恒定温度染色达到平衡时纤维上的染料浓度与染液中的染料浓度的分配关系曲线。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">43、上染速率曲线：在恒温条件下进行染色，以纤维上染料浓度或上染率为纵坐标，染色时间为横坐标作图可得。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">44、孔道扩散模型：溶胀的纤维里存在许多曲折想通的小孔道，在染色时，纤维孔道里都充满着水，染料分子通过这些孔道扩散进入纤维内部，扩散中染料分子会不断发生吸附和解吸，孔道里的游离状态的染料和吸附状态的染料呈动态平衡。特点：速率与染料分子结构、染料对纤维的亲和力、纤维结构有关。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">45、自由体积扩散模型：聚酯纤维、聚丙烯腈纤维等合成纤维染色时，染料分子吸附在纤维大分子链上，当温度超过纤维的玻璃化温度以后，大分子的链段发生绕动，原来微小的空穴合并成较大的空穴，染料分子沿着这些不断变化的空穴，逐个“跳跃”扩散。特点：适用合成纤维，扩散速率与纤维结晶度，微晶体大小和取向度等因素有关：加快扩散途径：加入少量低分子物质降低纤维的玻璃化温度。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">46、盐效应：利用盐的作用来控制直接染料的上染过程。促染机理，中性电解质中的钠离子与纤维负电荷结合，使纤维与染料电荷斥力下降，活化能下降，上染率提高。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">47、固色率：染料与纤维共价结合的染料总量占投入染料总量百分率。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">48、固色机理：<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">（1）利用固色剂和染料生成不溶性色淀<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">（2）利用固色剂在染物上的成膜性<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">（3）利用固色剂分子的反应性基团进行交联<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">（4）利用固色剂与纤维间的分子引力<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">（5）利用固色剂的缓冲能力以提高染物的汗渍牢度。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="116481" data-color="#d82821" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: flex; align-items: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 30px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: rgb(216, 40, 33); text-align: center; flex-shrink: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">02</section><section data-width="57%" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 57%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 100%; height: 1px; background-color: rgb(216, 40, 33); flex-shrink: 0; overflow: hidden; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </section></section><section data-width="42%" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; 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padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: left; letter-spacing: 1.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">机织物简析</section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">织物是由细小柔长物通过交叉，绕结，连接构成的平软片块物。众多纱线构成稳定的关系后就形成了织物。交叉，绕结和连接是纱线能构成的三种稳定结构关系。使织物保持稳定的形态和特定力学性能。分析织物中的纱线组及其运行方向、运行规律和形成的关系，可以清晰地认识各种织物。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="116481" data-color="#d82821" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: flex; align-items: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 30px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: rgb(216, 40, 33); text-align: center; flex-shrink: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">03</section><section data-width="57%" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 57%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 100%; height: 1px; background-color: rgb(216, 40, 33); flex-shrink: 0; overflow: hidden; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </section></section><section data-width="42%" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 42%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 215 30" style="enable-background:new 0 0 215 30;display:inline-block;" xml:space="default"><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="0,29.3 0.7,30 29,0.7 28.3,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="14.3,29.3 15,30 43.3,0.7 42.6,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="28.6,29.3 29.3,30 57.6,0.7 56.9,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="42.9,29.3 43.6,30 71.9,0.7 71.2,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="57.2,29.3 57.9,30 86.2,0.7 85.5,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="71.5,29.3 72.2,30 100.5,0.7 99.8,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="85.9,29.3 86.6,30 114.8,0.7 114.1,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="100.2,29.3 100.9,30 129.1,0.7 128.4,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="114.5,29.3 115.2,30 143.5,0.7 142.8,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="128.8,29.3 129.5,30 157.8,0.7 157.1,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="143.1,29.3 143.8,30 172.1,0.7 171.4,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="157.4,29.3 158.1,30 186.4,0.7 185.7,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="171.7,29.3 172.4,30 200.7,0.7 200,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="186,29.3 186.7,30 215,0.7 214.3,0 "></polygon></svg></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: left; letter-spacing: 1.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">织物的基本分类</section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">1、机织物（梭织）：由存在交叉关系的纱线构成的织物。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">2、针织物（经编，纬编）：由存在绕结关系的纱线构成的织物。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">3、第三织物：不同方向运行的纱线组，相邻纱线绕结前行，相遇后交叉，构成的一类织物<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">4、无纺织物（非织造布）：纱线由连接关系构成的织物。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">5、三向织物（多向）：有三个方向运行的纱线组。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">6、立体织物：纱线朝不同方向弯曲，可构成立体织物。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">7、复合织物：如果采取缝接、穿绕的方法固定纱线组，可构成复合织物。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="116481" data-color="#d82821" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: flex; align-items: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 30px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: rgb(216, 40, 33); text-align: center; flex-shrink: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">04</section><section data-width="57%" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 57%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 100%; height: 1px; background-color: rgb(216, 40, 33); flex-shrink: 0; overflow: hidden; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </section></section><section data-width="42%" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 42%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 215 30" style="enable-background:new 0 0 215 30;display:inline-block;" xml:space="default"><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="0,29.3 0.7,30 29,0.7 28.3,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="14.3,29.3 15,30 43.3,0.7 42.6,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="28.6,29.3 29.3,30 57.6,0.7 56.9,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="42.9,29.3 43.6,30 71.9,0.7 71.2,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="57.2,29.3 57.9,30 86.2,0.7 85.5,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="71.5,29.3 72.2,30 100.5,0.7 99.8,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="85.9,29.3 86.6,30 114.8,0.7 114.1,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="100.2,29.3 100.9,30 129.1,0.7 128.4,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="114.5,29.3 115.2,30 143.5,0.7 142.8,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="128.8,29.3 129.5,30 157.8,0.7 157.1,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="143.1,29.3 143.8,30 172.1,0.7 171.4,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="157.4,29.3 158.1,30 186.4,0.7 185.7,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="171.7,29.3 172.4,30 200.7,0.7 200,0 "></polygon><polygon style="fill:#d82821;" points="186,29.3 186.7,30 215,0.7 214.3,0 "></polygon></svg></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: left; letter-spacing: 1.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">机织物介绍</section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">1. 机织物定义：由存在交叉关系的纱线构成的织物。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">2.交叉关系：两组纱线直线运动相遇后上下交替接触，构成正余弦曲线状稳定叠压的关系。在织机上由经纬纱按一定的规律交织而成的织物,称为机织物,又称梭织物。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="116481" data-color="#d82821" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"></section><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">3.机织物基本组织<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">平纹组织：由经纱和纬纱一上一下相间交织而成的组织称为平纹组织。平纹组织是所有织物组织中最简单的一种。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">平纹组织的参数为：Rj = Rw = 2Sj = Sw =±1平纹组织在一个组织循环内有两根经纱和两根纬纱进行交织，有两个经组织点和两个纬组织点。由于经组织点= 纬组织点，所以平纹组织为同面组织。<p style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="center"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">斜纹组织：经组织点（或纬组织点）连续成斜线的组织称为斜纹组织。斜纹织物的表面有经组织点（或纬组织点）构成的斜向纹路。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">斜纹组织的参数为：Rj = Rw ≧3Sj = Sw =±1<p style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="center"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">缎纹组织：单独的、互不连续的经组织点（或纬组织点）在组织循环中有规律的均匀分布，这样的组织称为缎纹组织。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">缎纹组织的参数为：① R≧5（6除外）；② 1 < S < R-1，且为一个常数；③ R与S必须互为质数。在缎纹组织中，浮长线较长时，单独的组织点才能被其两旁的另一系统纱线的浮长线所遮盖，为此必须R≧5（6除外）。<p style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="center"> <section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="116481" data-color="#d82821" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: flex; align-items: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 30px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: rgb(216, 40, 33); text-align: center; flex-shrink: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">05</section><section data-width="57%" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 57%; 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padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: left; letter-spacing: 1.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">针织物介绍</section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">1. 针织物定义：由存在绕结关系的纱线构成的织物。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">2.绕结关系：一组纱线作左右弯曲的曲线运动，互相临近的纱线环绕穿套构成的稳定关系。针织物是由纱线通过针织有规律的运动而形成线圈，线圈和线圈之间互相串套起来而形成的织物。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">线圈是针织物的最小基本单元，也是识别针织物的一个重要标志。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">3.针织物分类<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">按生产方式不同分为经编和纬编两类：<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">纬编：是以一根或若干根纱线同时沿着织物的横向，循序地由织针形成线圈，并在纵向相互串套成为纬编针织物。纬编可分为单面和双面两类。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">经编：经编这个名称来自机织，是纱线从经向喂入，弯曲成圈并相互串套而成的织物。其特点是每一根纱线在横列中只形成一个线圈。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">经编与纬编的不同之处：在于它所形成的线圈沿垂直方向或经纱方向排列，由相邻的纱线相互套接而成。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">4.针织物特性<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">脱散性：在针织物中因某根纱线断裂引起线圈与线圈彼此分离和失去串套的性能。纱线摩擦系数与抗弯刚度越大，线圈长度越短，织物脱散性越小。 <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">卷边性：在自由状态下针织物边缘出现包卷的性能。这是由于边缘线圈中弯曲纱线力图伸直所引起的。纱线越粗，弹性越好，线圈长度越短，卷边性越明显。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">延伸性：在外力拉伸下针织物尺寸伸长的性能。由于线圈能够改变形状和大小，所以针织物具有较大延伸性，改变组织结构能减小针织物延伸性。<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">弹性：在外力除去后针织物回复原来尺寸的能力。它取决于纱线性质、线圈长度和针织物组织。</section>

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