<p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p style="text-align: center; "><br></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 10px 8px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 30px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; width: 661px; vertical-align: top; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; border-color: rgb(233, 42, 10); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; height: auto; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: -18px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; justify-content: center; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: auto; flex: 100 100 0%; align-self: flex-start; height: auto; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: right; justify-content: flex-end; transform: translate3d(18px, 0px, 0px); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; width: 9px; height: 9px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; border-width: 0px; border-radius: 282px; border-style: none; border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62); background-color: rgb(233, 42, 10); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float: left;line-height: 0;width: 0px;vertical-align: top;visibility: visible;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(100, 96, 96); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">随着纺织生产技术的不断进步，越来越多的新型纤维成为纺织品的原料，由此带来了对纺织品用纤维进行鉴别的问题。常用的纤维鉴别方法有显微镜观察法、燃烧法、试剂显色法、染色法、溶解法等。</span></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: -15px 8px 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: right; justify-content: flex-end; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 0px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; border-style: solid; border-width: 8px; border-color: rgb(233, 42, 10) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(233, 42, 10); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float: left;line-height: 0;width: 0px;vertical-align: top;visibility: visible;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-id="85816" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25.6px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section label="Copyright © 2015 Yead All Rights Reserved." style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(236, 68, 68); clear: both; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 3px 10px 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; height: 30px; background-color: rgb(236, 68, 68); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">一、显微镜观察法</strong></section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; widows: 1; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; widows: 1; visibility: visible; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">制作纤维的纵向片子和横截面切片，在显微镜下观察纤维的纵向及横向形态，根据形态特征差异来鉴别纤维，见表1。</span></section><p></p><p></p><div style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://dayaotex-edu.fsh.bcebos.com/v1/dayaotex-edu/1.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1%2F59b7a26546d74b64bfd056b483465817%2F2022-10-18T02%3A59%3A44Z%2F-1%2F%2Fe97a7e026b9f1ee27cffac3daaeef63b059fbb5cbc39668bb4d2b7777f7440cc" data-filename="" style="width: 100%;"></div><p></p><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-id="85816" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25.6px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section label="Copyright © 2015 Yead All Rights Reserved." style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(236, 68, 68); clear: both; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 3px 10px 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; height: 30px; background-color: rgb(236, 68, 68); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">二、燃烧法</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; widows: 1; visibility: visible; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; min-height: 1em; line-height: 25.6px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">不同的纤维在燃烧的过程中，火焰、烟雾、气味、残渣等会有所不同，因此根据纤维燃烧时和燃烧后的特征可以区分纤维种类，见表2。</span></section></span></section><p></p><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; widows: 1; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); letter-spacing: 0.544px; widows: 2; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">三、试剂显色法</strong><br></section><div style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://dayaotex-edu.fsh.bcebos.com/v1/dayaotex-edu/1666062617053.jpg?authorization=bce-auth-v1%2F59b7a26546d74b64bfd056b483465817%2F2022-10-18T03%3A11%3A05Z%2F-1%2F%2F506d4f21288d3bc26049b8065350961c54864da39dbce1aaf32e43819d9acee0" data-filename="" style="width: 541px;"></div></p><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-id="85816" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25.6px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section label="Copyright © 2015 Yead All Rights Reserved." style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(236, 68, 68); clear: both; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 3px 10px 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; height: 30px; background-color: rgb(236, 68, 68); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">三、试剂显色法</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; widows: 1; visibility: visible; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; line-height: 25.6px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">由于各种纤维的结构不一，对碘、碘化钾溶液的着色反应不同，可以通过观察试剂作用后纤维的色泽、膨润情况，来对纤维进行鉴别。这种鉴别只适用于白色纤维，有色纤维要经过褪色后才能进行试验。试剂配制：在100毫升的饱和碘化钾溶液中溶解碘20克，调匀后再将纤维浸渍1分钟，经充分水洗后根据其色泽来判断，见表3。</span></section></section></span></section></span></section><p><img src="https://dayaotex-edu.fsh.bcebos.com/v1/dayaotex-edu/1666062227464.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1%2F59b7a26546d74b64bfd056b483465817%2F2022-10-18T03%3A04%3A28Z%2F-1%2F%2F1eb79c6dbed3978e0cf085cddab83cbcbcbe28dfdd227ebe01693c2efef05118" style="width: 660px;" data-filename=""><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; widows: 1; visibility: visible; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-id="85816" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25.6px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section label="Copyright © 2015 Yead All Rights Reserved." style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(236, 68, 68); clear: both; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 3px 10px 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; height: 30px; background-color: rgb(236, 68, 68); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">四、染色法</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">用染色法来鉴别纤维，主要是利用各种纤维对染料上色反应的不同而加以区分。染色法有冷染法和沸染法两种。染色法的配方见表4。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">表4&nbsp;染色法配方</span></section></section></span></section></span></section><div style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://dayaotex-edu.fsh.bcebos.com/v1/dayaotex-edu/%E5%BE%AE%E4%BF%A1%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87_20221018110056.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1%2F59b7a26546d74b64bfd056b483465817%2F2022-10-18T03%3A01%3A17Z%2F-1%2F%2F97ff062841767b61779f1141d5541d09869da28b55cdf2ddacf34fb2051bef26" data-filename="" style="width: 100%;"></div><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; widows: 1; visibility: visible; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 8px 0.5em; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">将表4中的配方倒进50毫升乙醇中搅拌至溶解，再用蒸馏水稀释至500毫升备用。冷染法直接将纤维投入到溶液中染色，然后以冷水冲洗纤维，挤出水分，观察颜色进行鉴别；沸染法将纤维投入到溶液中染色，煮沸3分钟后冲洗3次，再投入到0.1%的胰加漂T溶液中漂洗，挤出水分，观察颜色进行鉴别。各种纤维的染色反应见表5。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">表5&nbsp;各种纤维的染色反应</span></section></section></span></section></span></section><div style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://dayaotex-edu.fsh.bcebos.com/v1/dayaotex-edu/%E5%BE%AE%E4%BF%A1%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87_20221018110059.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1%2F59b7a26546d74b64bfd056b483465817%2F2022-10-18T03%3A01%3A35Z%2F-1%2F%2F3ef587d13abbb76481819f4b4c7f8e90a8f68f66436f006a6679cb2681d4d12b" data-filename="" style="width: 100%;"></div><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; widows: 1; visibility: visible; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; line-height: 25.6px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></section><p style="margin: 1em 8px 1.5em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0em; widows: 2; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-id="85816" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 25.6px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section label="Copyright © 2015 Yead All Rights Reserved." style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(236, 68, 68); clear: both; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 3px 10px 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; height: 30px; background-color: rgb(236, 68, 68); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">五、溶解法</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; widows: 2; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px; white-space: pre-wrap; widows: 1; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">溶解法是鉴别各种纤维最为有效的方法，原理是利用各种纤维在不同化学溶剂中、不同温度下的溶解特性来确定其品种。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; widows: 2; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; widows: 2; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px; white-space: pre-wrap; widows: 1; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">可将待鉴别的纤维放入试管中，注入某种溶剂，用玻璃棒搅动，观察纤维的溶解情况。如果纤维量极少，也可将试样放入带有凹面载玻片的凹面里滴上溶剂，盖上载玻片，直接在显微镜下观察。在用溶解法鉴别纤维时，应严格控制溶剂的浓度和加热温度，并要注意纤维的溶解速度。使用溶解法需要准确了解各种纤维化学特性，检验程序也比较复杂。使用显微镜观察法和燃烧法比较直观，但检验人员必须具有丰富的实践经验；试剂显色法、染色法操作比较复杂，可以在特殊情况下使用。</span></section></section></span></section></span></section><p></p></p>