<section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor"><section data-id="us158593" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: currentcolor; visibility: visible; font-family: 微软雅黑; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section label="Powered by 135editor.com" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-id="us151103" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: currentcolor; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor">白色织物泛黄是一直存在的问题，近几年，泛黄问题已得到广泛研究，分析导致棉织物泛黄的原因，主要有以下几点<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">：</strong></section></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 25px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; font-family: 微软雅黑; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">1、纤维维降解：因加热、光、其它辐射、化学品和生物降解的作用而导致纤维降解。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 25px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; font-family: 微软雅黑; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">2、添加剂：诸如加入柔软剂、油类、润滑剂、树脂、荧光增白剂和金属化合物引起的泛黄和色变。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 25px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; font-family: 微软雅黑; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">3、大气污染物：诸如氮的氧化物、二氧化硫和臭氧的影响所引起的泛黄。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 25px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; font-family: 微软雅黑; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">4、传输的污染物质：泛黄物的原始黄色素是从接触的纸、卡纸板、塑料薄膜或塑料包和用作石磨水洗的浮石传输给织物。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 25px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; font-family: 微软雅黑; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">5、消费者的污染物质：如出汗和从家庭洗涤和漂白而得来的残留物。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 25px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; font-family: 微软雅黑; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">6、苯酚类泛黄：在贮藏期间，以苯酚类的泛黄最普遍。在贮藏期间从像卡纸板、纸或塑料薄膜一类的包装材料上传输到织物上的诸如苯酚化合物或丁基化的羟基甲苯的原始黄色素，并在其上由于氮氧化和物的作用而产生的硝基苯酚化合物或1,2-二苯乙烯所形成的黄色产物,碱性环境对此更为有利。苯酚类的泛黄具有纯亮黄色色泽，在420nm～450nm处具有最大的吸收特性，暴露在光线或臭氧之下会褪色。黄色产物溶解在热水和酒精那样的极性溶剂中，并且在pH值5或更低的酸性介质中变成无色。</p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="11669" data-color="rgb(196, 179, 207)" data-custom="rgb(196, 179, 207)" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: currentcolor; font-family: 微软雅黑; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: inherit; font-size: 18px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span data-brushtype="text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 5px 15px 5px 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-radius: 0px 50px 50px 0px; background-color: rgb(196, 179, 207); color: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">阻止苯酚类导致泛黄的措施有：</span></strong></span></section></section><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 25px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; font-family: 微软雅黑; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">1、避免使用含苯酚抗氧剂的棕色纸、棕色卡板纸和塑料薄膜包装成品;</p><p style="margin-bottom: 25px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; font-family: 微软雅黑; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">2、避免用以热收缩为基础的塑料包装;</p><p style="margin-bottom: 25px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; font-family: 微软雅黑; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">3、贮藏时提供良好的通风条件;</p><p style="margin-bottom: 25px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; font-family: 微软雅黑; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">4、要以较少的苯酚衍生物作为添加剂;</p><p style="margin-bottom: 25px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; font-family: 微软雅黑; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">5、避免整理过的成品呈碱性。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 25px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; font-family: 微软雅黑; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">此外，用柠檬酸做酸剂整理后，织物也容易泛黄。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0em; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; font-family: 微软雅黑; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify">究其原因：柠檬酸在受热时极易脱水形成酐，因柠檬酸在结构上比一般多元酸多一个羟基，属于羟基酸，在加热焙烘时脱水生成酸酐。同时，分子中的羟基和邻位上的氢也可能受热和外部环境的影响进一步脱去，生成不饱和酸(丙烯三酸)，并有可能脱去水和CO2形成衣康酸。这些不饱和酸容易使布面泛黄，因此最好不要用柠檬酸做白布的酸剂。</p></section>