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2022-09-05 08:46:14
<section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-role="paragraph" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="92724" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-info="135一键排版" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-info="135一键排版" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-role="outer" label="edit by 135editor" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">染整生产是一个繁碎的工作，生产环节复杂而又细致，稍有不慎问题随时发生。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在纺织物的染整生产中，由于前后环节多，对染整结果的影响因素也较多除了较为频繁出现的色泽质量方面如色差类疵病外，还常会出现其他一些质量方面的问题，因此，染整疵病按现象可基本分为以下三类。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1、色泽质量方面：</span></strong></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">色差、色不匀(色花、色点、色渍斑)及色牢度等问题。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2、内在质量方面：</span></strong></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">纤维损伤、弹性缺失、经纬斜、稀密路、缩水率、克质量及门幅尺寸等问题。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3、其他质量方面：</span></strong></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">整理剂斑渍、起毛起球、绉印绉条和后整理不达标等问题。</span></p><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="116481" data-color="#d82821" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: flex; align-items: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; flex-shrink: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="letter-spacing: 2px;"><strong data-brushtype="text" hm_fix="254:361" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">染整疵病原因分析</strong></span></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1、纱(丝)与坯布质量方面</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">纱(丝)和坯布的质量均影响着染色成品的质量，这种影响具有一定的潜伏性，常常在染色后才能暴露出来。并且这种影响往往还和染色以及整理过程中出现的问题交叉叠加，增加了染整疵病的复杂性，并给疵病原因的查找增加了困难有些因纱(丝)和坯布质量问题导致的染整疵病如门幅尺寸、经纬斜以及伸缩率等。虽可在后整理环节稍加调控，但不能从根本上解决问题。因此，应严格控制原料的来源，保证纱(丝)和坯布的质量达到指标，避免后续染整加工中疵病的出现。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2、染整工序方面</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">染色整理过程的质量受硬件和软件两方面影响。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">硬件方面：</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">首先是机械设备、仪表仪器等硬件的适用性和完好性；其次是染料、助剂等原料品质的检验和选择。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">软件方面：</strong><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">主要体现在如工艺处方、生产流程、操作规程等的实施选择上；另外还体现在管理水平(包括技术管理、纪律管理)和基层员工的整体素质方面。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">首先要对染整设备的品种适应性有清晰地了解．因为染整机械对不同的纤维及不同类别的纺织品具有差别化和专一性 要明白染整机械所能加的纤维及适应于机织物还是针织物，若适应于针织物。还需区分是适于经编织物、纬编织物还是横编织物；还应明白该设备是局限于单一品种的，还是数类别品种均可使用的复合型的。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">比如：</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">a．高速高压喷射染色机适用于涤纶经编织物的染色，也适合于涤纶加工长丝中厚型仿毛风格的机织坯布染色；但它却不适合涤纶长丝类低密度的薄型机织物(如雨纱、特丽纶等绸类)的染色，也不适用于涤黏、涤棉等混纺纤维类织物和纬编类针织物的染色，否则很容易在染色后出现豁裂纰缝(长丝低密度薄型机织物)或起毛起球(涤黏、涤棉混纺纤维类织物)或使织物原来应有的弹性特征丧失(纬编类织物) 。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">b．卷染机适合于轻重厚薄范围较广的小批量多品种的机织物的染色．但不能用于线圈结构的针织物。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">c．溢流染色机适用于纬编织物、涤黏、涤棉混纺纤维类和弹性要求较高的针织物，但不适于经编、机织类织物的染色。真丝机织物宜在卷染机上进行染色，但同为真丝机织的绉类织物和真丝针织绸织物应在专门设计的、与棉用溢流染色机有明显不同的机器上染色。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">其次，不同的染料适用的纤维不同，且适用的深、中、浅色泽也不同。因此，需要区别选用不同类型的染料品种。如：分散染料中的S型适于深、浓色泽的染色，E型染料适合于中、浅色泽的染色；而B型活性染料中的BES型适用于中、浅色的染色，B—D型则适用于深、浓色泽的染色。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">由于以上讨论的纤维及织物品种的不同、染料的不同以及染整机械设备的不同，也会导致所选用的助剂不尽相同。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">应充分了解和认知原料、设备、染料、助剂上的差别，提高使用者的素质和水平，才能保证纺织品的染整质量，避免疵病的出现。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><strong data-brushtype="text" hm_fix="254:361" style="letter-spacing: 1.5px; caret-color: red; font-size: 17px; color: #333333; text-align: left; outline-style: initial; max-width: 100%;">色泽质量方面的疵病</strong><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1. 色不匀</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">色泽的不均匀主要表现为色花、色点和色渍斑 。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">其中色花问题，应恰当控制助剂的选择、升温加料的次序等过程；需使用匀染剂以防万一 色点、色渍主要与染料、助剂和设备的清洁工作有关 如一些水溶性较低的分散染料受微粒大小、抗凝聚性能、工艺处方及染色机的清缸是否彻底等因素的影响，如若使用时控制不当，则很容易出现色点和色渍的问题。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2. 色牢度</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">色牢度的项目很多，主要包括：皂洗牢度、耐摩擦牢度、耐光牢度、耐汗渍牢度、耐氯牢度以及耐气候牢度等等。其中，皂洗牢度主要是由主观原因造成的；耐光牢度、耐汗渍牢度和耐氯牢度等则主要受客观因素即染料性质的影响。耐摩擦牢度和耐气候牢度既与主观因素有关，又受客观因素(如染料和助剂种类)的影响。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如耐气候牢度中的风印问题，风印是由于局部色变所引发的色不匀造成的，主要发生在棉织物上，在使用含有乙烯砜基团类型的活性染料后尤为突出；且织物染色后不会立即显现风印现象，直到入仓甚至成衣后才出现风印问题。概括来讲，若织物染色后清洗不足、浮色较多、布面带碱、染色后未及时烘干或在湿态、半湿态状况下存放较久后，暴露于空气中的部分就极易发生风印现象，且此现象在空气中CO的含量越高时越明显由于纺织物的用途不同。</span></p><p style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="center"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-brushtype="text" hm_fix="254:361" style="letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-align: center; caret-color: red; color: #333333; outline-style: initial; max-width: 100%;">内在质量方面的疵病</strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></strong></p><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></strong><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1、纤维的损伤</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">纤维脆损与前处理失控有直接的关系，也与剥色重染次数过多有关，其会造成纤维强力的急剧下降，纤维脆损严重的会在织物上形成破洞，轻微的则在成衣时出现针。因此，应严格控制前处理过程和回修次数。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2、弹性的缺失</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">对于无氨纶的纬编织物来说，弹性是由织造方式(如罗纹布)和纤维原料自身的弹性f如加弹丝)共同作用而形成的。如果染整设备选用不当，例如把该类织物放在喷嘴压力在1 kg／cmz以上，坯布运转速度400～600 m／min的高速液流喷射染色机中进行染色将会使织物筒径扩张，弹性下降。若是发生染疵后再剥色回修，则弹性会进一步降低，对于有氨纶参与的织物来说，也需减少回修次数，回修次数越多，织物弹性下降越多，严重时甚至会使氨纶丝大量断裂而影响最终服用性能。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3、经纬斜</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">机织物和针织物都容易发生纬斜，这是由设备和操作两方面原因造成的，纬编织物容易发生经斜，也叫纵行扭斜。该问题主要是由织造方面造成的，扭斜的方向和程度由纱支的捻度和捻向、线圈的长度和成圈系统数以及织机的旋转方向等共同影响。虽然在后整理环节进行拉幅整理时可以对此作出定程度的纠正，但这对于全棉类纬编织物而言是临时性的，在成衣清洗后扭斜往往会回复到原位，故应从织造环节做好预防工作。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">4.缩水率、克质量及门幅尺寸</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">染色成品缩水率、克质量与门幅尺寸三者互有关联。并相互影响，为达到这些指标上的稳定，应在坯布织造时严格掌控。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">其次在染整工序中规范操作，若毛坯布在织造过程掌控不到位，使上述指标达不到，染整环节虽可作出一些弥补和调节，但只能是一定范围内的有限修正，不能纠复。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">5.经柳、横档与稀密路</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">经柳和横档在机织物、针织物上都会发生。从外观上看(如雨状条花、横条色档和色花条等)属于色泽质量方面的问题。但是并非染色这一步骤造成的，主要原因是由于企业在生产计划管理上未能做到把关，纤维原料管理混乱，不同批次批号的纤维混杂织造而形成的。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">该类问题在白毛坯上反映不明显，因此容易受到忽略，染色中虽然会筛选遮盖性良好的染料，一定程度上控制此类问题，但不能从根本上解决问题，一般说来，有该类问题的坯布最好安排生产白色，其次是生产黑色或作印花用布稀密路是指织物在染色后，布面呈现诸如视觉错觉性质的现象。同样，稀密路问题在白毛坯时不易被发现而常常被忽略。稀密路出现是由于针织机使用久后织针位置发生松移。排列上呈现不规则性造成的；机织物则可能是织机打纬装置已不正常造成的，这些问题的出现一般都是织机保全工技术素质欠缺，管理责任心不强、不到位造成的。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">因此，要提高基层员工的素质水平，加强管理者的监管力度，避免此类疵病的出现。</span></p><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="116481" data-color="#d82821" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: flex; align-items: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 30px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: rgb(216, 40, 33); text-align: center; flex-shrink: 0; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-brushtype="text" hm_fix="254:361" style="caret-color: red; color: #333333; font-size: 20px; outline-style: initial; max-width: 100%;">其他质量方面的疵病</strong></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1、整理剂斑渍</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">后整理类别很多，它们对于纺织品的重要性和影响性不亚于染色，后整理过程会不可避免的出现整理上的疵病。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在工艺设计上为了缩短生产过程、节约时间，对于柔软、抗静电、防水防油等整理往往是合在一起进行的。但因各助剂品种的相容性问题会更易引发整理剂斑点、斑渍等疵病的出现。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">并且某些整理疵病对于一纱多色、一布多色的纺织物来说具有不可回修性。如使用有机硅油类柔软剂对棉纤维的散纤维、单纱筒子和绞纱染色后的整理常常是在染色机中进行的，连续使用久后此类柔软剂会在处理设备的内壁及其管道上形成聚集，一定程度后积累物可能突然掉至纤维上造成硅油斑渍，而纤维硅油斑渍的剥除是非常困难的；另外，由于人们要求整理助剂的作用效果具有耐久性，但耐久性越好，回修剥除上的困难度也就会越大。如有机硅柔软剂、氟系三防整理剂、涂层剂等均为耐久性优良而难于清除的品种，所以在此类试剂的运用上，应尽量避免回修，使用过程细致规范。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2、起毛起球</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">起毛起球对未丝光烧毛的涤棉混纺、涤黏混纺以及涤腈混纺类织物而言容易发生。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3、绉印绉条</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">大面积折皱印是松式浸染方式造成的难题之一，其根源主要是由于染色机染色的形式及其设备特征造成的，抗皱助剂有益于避免液流喷射染色机中皱印的出现。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">织物在染色浴中沸水收缩率的差异也会造成折皱印的出现 ，直皱条则主要是由于紧式平幅染色设备系统未加控制防范所致。因此，应当严格控制工艺过程。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">4、后整理不达标</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">功能性后整理如柔软、防水和抗静电等。如果未达到功能上的指标，可以重新再进行整理一次，但对于某些后整理助剂的功能指标饱和点，应作实验性鉴定，否则重复整理效果不大。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">染整质量产生影响的因素较多，有纤维、坯布、染料和助剂等方面的因素，也有纺织物的品种与设备的匹配问题；还包括工艺、技术、管理及基层员工素质等方方面面的因素。</span></p><p style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="center"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">因此，染整生产上的回修情况不能完全避免；回修也是染整生产上一种不可缺少的技术，然而由于某些疵病一旦产生便无法回修和回复正常，尤其是一些硬性损伤如纤维脆损、破洞、织物组织豁裂纰缝、起毛起球等；另外某些纺织品类型如一纱多色、一布多色的色纺、色织及印花类等品种，对于可以进行剥除和复染回修的非硬伤类疵病，如整理剂斑渍、色变、搭色、沾色等，也不适于回修某些属纺和织等方面的疵病；如过于严重的经柳、横档、稀密路、克质量和门幅尺寸等，一般是难于在染整过程中根本修正的。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">因此，对于生产过程中，凡是一切有可能发生问题的地方应及时采取综合防范为主导的策略，这才能积极主动并真正有效地减少且避免染整生产中出现的质量性问题。</span></p><section data-role="outer" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-info="135一键排版" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 15px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); line-height: 2; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section>