<section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor"><section class="_135editor" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="117445"><section style="margin: 20px auto;"><section><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;"><section style="padding: 4px;"><section class="assistant" style="width: 25px;"><img class="assistant" style="vertical-align: inherit; width: 100%; display: block; max-width: 100% !important;" src="https://bcn.135editor.com/files/images/editor_styles/435a3f8eff877ba2e7c020c12e24aee7.gif" data-width="100%" draggable="false" data-ratio="0.9859154929577465" data-w="71"></section></section></section><section style="padding-left: 15px; margin-top: -15px;"><section style="border: 1px solid rgb(79, 139, 49);"><section style="padding: 15px;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background: transparent;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 32px; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.5em; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 24px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; visibility: visible; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible;">锦葵科棉属植物的种籽上被覆的纤维，又称</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible;">棉花</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible;">，简称棉。是纺织工业的重要原料。棉纤维制品吸湿和透气性好，柔软而保暖。棉花大多是一年生植物。它是由棉花种子上滋生的表皮细胞发育而成的。棉纤维的生长可以分为伸长期、加厚期和转曲期三个阶段。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 32px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.5em; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0px; visibility: visible; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">棉纤维是我国纺织工业的主要原料，它在纺织纤维中占很重要的地位。我国是世界上的主要产棉国之一，目前，我国的棉花产量已经进入世界前列。我国棉花种植几乎遍布全国。其中以黄河流域和长江流域为主，再加上西北内陆、辽河流域和华南、共五大棉区。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 32px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.5em; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0px; visibility: visible; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">棉纤维种类</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 32px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.5em; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0px; visibility: visible; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">棉花种类很多，目前主要按以下的两钟方法分类。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 32px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.5em; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0px; visibility: visible; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1.按棉花的品种分类</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 32px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.5em; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0px; visibility: visible; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(1)细绒棉：又称陆地棉。纤维线密度和长度中等，一般长度为25~35mm，线密度为2.12~1.56 dtex(4700~6400公支)左右，强力在4.5cN左右。我国目前种植的棉花大多属于此类。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 32px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.5em; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0px; visibility: visible; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(2)长绒棉：又称海岛棉。纤维细而长，一般长度在33mm以上，线密度在1.54~1.18dtex(6500~8500公支)左右，强力在4.5cN以上。它的品质优良，主要用于编制细于10tex的优等棉纱。目前，我国种植较少，除新疆长绒棉以外，进口的主要有埃及棉、苏丹棉等。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 32px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.5em; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0px; visibility: visible; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">此外，还有纤维粗短的粗绒棉，目前已趋淘汰。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 32px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.5em; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0px; visibility: visible; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">2.按棉花的初加工分类</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 32px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.5em; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%;">从棉花中采得的是</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%;">籽棉</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%;">，无法直接进行纺织加工，必须先进行初加工，即将籽棉中的</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%;">棉籽</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%;">除去，得到皮棉。该初加工又称轧花。籽棉经轧花后，所得皮棉的重量占原来籽棉重量的百分率称衣分率。衣分率一般为</span>30~40%。按初加工方法不同，棉花可分为锯齿棉和皮辊棉。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 32px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; line-height: 1.5em; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(1)锯齿棉：采用锯齿轧棉机加工得到的皮棉称锯齿棉。锯齿棉含杂、含短绒少，纤维长度较整齐，产量高。但纤维长度偏短，轧工疵点多。目前，细绒棉大都采用锯齿轧棉。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 32px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; line-height: 1.5em; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(2)皮辊棉：采用皮辊棉机加工得到的皮棉称皮辊棉。皮辊棉含杂、含短绒多，纤维长度整齐度差，产量低。但纤维长度操作小，轧工疵点少，但有黄根。皮轧棉适宜长绒棉、低级棉等。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em;"><br></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-role="paragraph" class="_135editor"><p><br></p></section></section>