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2022-08-26 08:24:38
<section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; caret-color: red; font-size: 14px; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 2px 2px 10px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在加工过程中，织物门幅的控制是非常重要的指标之一。实际上织物设计对成品门幅的影响是最直接的。坯布的上机门幅、钢筘的型号、原料的纤度、织物的组织结构、坯布的经纬密度等等，对成品门幅的影响都是直接的。以涤纶机织物为例，常见的机织物主要包括：常规平板织物、强捻仿真丝整理织物、弹力织物和短纤混纺仿毛织物等等。染整加工过程对织物的门幅也有较大影响。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="97257" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 10px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 5px; line-height: 1.8; font-size: 18px; color: rgb(254, 250, 190); text-shadow: rgb(155, 2, 94) 1px 1px, rgb(155, 2, 94) 1px -1px, rgb(155, 2, 94) -1px 1px, rgb(155, 2, 94) -1px -1px, rgb(155, 2, 94) 0px 1.4px, rgb(155, 2, 94) 0px -1.4px, rgb(155, 2, 94) -1.4px 0px, rgb(155, 2, 94) 1.4px 0px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 2px 2px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 3px 3px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 3px 1px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 1px 3px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 1px 1px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 2px 3.4px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 2px 0.6px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 0.6px 2px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 3.4px 2px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><em data-brushtype="text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: right; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1、工艺流程的影响</em></strong></span></p></section></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">不同的织物种类有不同的染整加工工艺：</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">常规平板织物加工工艺流程如下：</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; caret-color: red; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">备布→精练→染色→后处理→脱水→烘干→定型→检验</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">强捻仿真丝织物的染整加工流程如下：</span></strong></span></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">备布→预缩→预定型→碱减量→水洗→染色→后处理→脱水烘干→定型→检验</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">弹力织物染整加工流程如下：</span></strong></span></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">备布→平幅精练→预缩→预定型→染色→后处理→脱水→烘干→定型→检验</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">混纺仿毛织物染整加工流程如下：</span></strong></span></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">备布→烧毛→预缩→预定→染色→后处理→脱水→烘干→定型→罐蒸→检验</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">综合以上不同品种的加工流程，<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">常见涤纶机织物染整加工的主要工序包括：</strong>备布、(平幅)精练、预缩、预定型、碱减量、染色、后处理、脱水、烘干、定型、罐蒸和检验计12道工序。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0.55em 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="97257" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 10px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 5px; line-height: 1.8; font-size: 18px; color: rgb(254, 250, 190); text-shadow: rgb(155, 2, 94) 1px 1px, rgb(155, 2, 94) 1px -1px, rgb(155, 2, 94) -1px 1px, rgb(155, 2, 94) -1px -1px, rgb(155, 2, 94) 0px 1.4px, rgb(155, 2, 94) 0px -1.4px, rgb(155, 2, 94) -1.4px 0px, rgb(155, 2, 94) 1.4px 0px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 2px 2px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 3px 3px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 3px 1px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 1px 3px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 1px 1px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 2px 3.4px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 2px 0.6px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 0.6px 2px, rgb(255, 157, 156) 3.4px 2px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><em data-brushtype="text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: right; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2、加工过程的影响</em></strong></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-role="paragraph" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-bottom: -1px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(149, 55, 52); display: inline-block; line-height: 1.1; font-size: 18px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(149, 55, 52); font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">① 备布</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">备布工序的主要任务是绣字、缝头和称量。卷装坯布退卷后停放时间的长短，虽然对坯布织缩有影响，但这种影响也是微弱的。经向弹力织物、纬向弹力织物和经纬双向弹力织物退卷后时间停放过长，坯布织缩也会增加。纬向弹力织物坯布门幅的收缩，直接影响成品门幅。经向弹力织物经纱的收缩，会导致纬纱变得更加曲折，最终导致纬向门幅变窄。备布后布车上层和下层织物受到的压力是不同的。无论是弹力织物，还是强捻织物，退卷以后的坯布在释放内应力过程中如果受到外界的影响不均衡，都会导致整缸坯布门幅变化不均衡，最终导致预缩后或预定后门幅不统一，给后续加工带来不良影响。涤纶机织强捻织物退卷备缸后，特别是弹力织物，存放时间不宜过长。时间过长将会导致预缩后织物门幅不统一，给后道工序带来较大影响。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-role="paragraph" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-bottom: -1px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(149, 55, 52); display: inline-block; line-height: 1.1; font-size: 18px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(149, 55, 52); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">② 精练</span></strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">精练包括绳状精练和平幅精练。绳状精练就是普通涤纶机织物的前处理，其目的是去除织物上的杂质，不影响后道工序的加工质量。前处理工序的升温速度、最高工艺温度、助剂浓度和保温时间是最主要的工艺参数。湿热状态下，涤纶作为热塑性纤维总会发生变化。温度越高，升温速度越快，这种变化越明显。为了减弱这种变化，前处理温度不会超过涤纶纤维的玻璃化温度。所以，绳状精练对普通平板类涤纶机织物成品门幅影响不大。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">对于弹力织物来说，特别是纬弹和双弹织物，为了有效控制其坯布门幅的收缩，需要平幅精练。平幅精练需要在平幅精练机中进行。平幅精练机中的多个平洗槽，可以提供不同的精练温度。先冷水，后温水；一边平幅精练，一边不断扩幅，可以使下机后纬向弹力织物的坯布门幅均匀收缩20％以上。缓慢均匀收缩是保持成品布面平整的基础和关键。低温状态下平幅精练是实现涤纶弹力织物缓慢均匀收缩简单有效的工艺路线。用平幅精练机对宽幅平纹弹力织物精练，可在较温和的湿热状态下消除坯布的内应力，减少织物在后续加工时布面产生褶皱的机会。门幅收缩过大，可以降低平幅精练车速。上机210cm的纬弹(双弹)坯布，下机以后门幅一般在180cm(包括布边)左右。精练后若门幅大于160mn，就说明平幅精练车速过快。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-role="paragraph" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-bottom: -1px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(149, 55, 52); display: inline-block; line-height: 1.1; font-size: 18px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(149, 55, 52); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">③ 预缩</span></strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">缸内以绳状进行，预缩温度高于精练温度而低于染色温度。预缩是高温湿热状态下的前处理，除了要去除织物上的浆料、油剂、污迹等杂质以外，还要通过高温湿热加工使织物的内应力尽量消除，织物的门幅缓和收缩。高温湿热状态下，纤维内部结晶度高的区域出现解取向趋势，结晶度低的区域出现取向趋势。热塑性纤维内部出现的取向、解取向现象，造成整个织物的取向度趋于均衡，织物在制造和贮存过程中形成的内应力得以释放。最终结果就是织物尺寸稳定性增加，织物表面更加平整，门幅更加稳定。涤纶机织物预缩类似于全棉织物丝光。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在预缩过程中，织物经向拉力来自染缸喷嘴，经向受力较大，纬向受力相对较小。预缩时纬纱较短，每一根纬纱绕过的经纱数量仅仅等于该织物经纱的头分。每一根经纱绕过的纬纱数量等于该织物纬密乘以本匹布的匹长。所以，预缩时经纱收缩遇到的阻力远远大于纬纱。同时经纱在喷嘴拉力作用下收缩愈加困难，最终导致非弹力类涤纶机织物预缩后纬向收缩大于经向。热塑性纤维在高温湿热状态下收缩时，变粗的纬纱会使缠绕于纬纱上的经纱总体上变短，同理，经纱也会使纬纱总体上变短。相互影响的纱线在预缩结束后，使织物本身的门幅和匹长趋于合理。了解不同捻度、不同原料、不同组织的坯布在织造和染整过程中的收缩，是合理设计成品门幅的基础。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">预缩时，喷头拉力越大，织物门幅收缩越明显。喷头口径过小，影响织物顺畅穿过喷嘴，易造成织物戳伤，从而造成织物收缩不均匀。喷头口径过大，喷嘴拉力调整过大时，没有布边组织的织物容易产生泄边现象。织物泄边后，后续加工和成品定型很难进行。虽然提高织物进缸温度可以改善织物泄边现象，但预缩时缸内水温过高也易引起坯布预缩不均匀。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">分段升温，在不同升温阶段保温，是强捻织物预缩过程中延长工艺时间、缓和工艺条件的主要方式。延长时间和缓和条件，都会使织物预缩效果更明显。收缩均匀、尺寸稳定、布面平整，是预缩的主要质量指标。有时强捻织物预缩后门幅过宽，织物表面出现劈裂现象，都是预缩工艺制定不当引起的。如果采用分段升温预缩工艺，可以考虑适当降低喷头拉力，适当降低织物循环速度，可以增加织物在缸内预缩液中的浸渍时间，织物在高温湿热松弛状态下收缩，有利于增加预缩效果。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-role="paragraph" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-bottom: -1px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(149, 55, 52); display: inline-block; line-height: 1.1; font-size: 18px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(149, 55, 52); font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">④ 预定</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">预定在定型机上进行，对于涤纶机织物来说，预定是预缩的继续，目的相同。前者是在湿热状态下进行的，后者是在干热状态下进行的。湿热状态下缓慢预缩的结果，需要干热状态下预定的巩固和加强。预定时，温度、门幅、张力和车速是预定工序的主要工艺参数。预定温度略高于成品定型温度，有利于预定后织物的尺寸稳定性。预定门幅应略小于成品门幅。定型时经向张力越大，门幅越宽，布面越平整。增加经向张力，经纱被拉直的机会增加，纬纱会变得更加曲折，进而门幅有变小的趋势。车速的快慢不仅取决于烘房长度，还取决于织物厚度、原料性质、组织结构等多个方面。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">根据预缩门幅、织物预定前布面平整程度和成品定型门幅决定预定门幅。预定时调整预定门幅的幅度不宜过大，定性温度的波动也不宜过大，否则，经过减量和染色以后，同缸中织物成品定型前门幅会相差过大而无法进行成品定型。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-role="paragraph" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-bottom: -1px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(149, 55, 52); display: inline-block; line-height: 1.1; font-size: 18px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(149, 55, 52); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">⑤ 碱减量</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">减量的目的是让强捻涤纶长丝变细。变细的纱线刚性会降低，纱线之间移动的空间会变大，结果织物的手感得到改善。碱减量以后，织物变软，门幅会略微变宽。增加的宽度与原料和组织结构关系最密切，一般宽出1cm左右。染缸内高温减量后，织物门幅变宽的现象会更明显。减量后染色之前的水洗，对织物的门幅没有影响。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p></section></section></section><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-role="paragraph" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-bottom: -1px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(149, 55, 52); display: inline-block; line-height: 1.1; font-size: 18px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(149, 55, 52); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">⑥ 染色</span></strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">与预缩相同，染色过程也是在高温湿热状态下进行的。不同的是，染色温度高于预缩温度，是对织物的第二次湿热定型。经过预缩的第一次湿热定型和预定的第一次干热定型，织物的门幅基本稳定。虽然染色温度高于预缩温度10℃左右，但经高温干热定型后的涤纶纤维，在染色时其热塑性表现出来的特性却是织物门幅有少量变宽，增加的宽度一般比预定门幅宽出1cm左右。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 减量和染色以后织物门幅变宽的主要原因有两个，一个是织物在设备内不断循环，循环的过程就是机械柔软的过程。纱线变软以后，纱线之间的滑动变得相对于预定之前更容易，使织物小幅变宽。另一个是湿热状态下使预缩和预定工序强加于织物的新的应力得以释放，织物小幅变宽。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-role="paragraph" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-bottom: -1px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(149, 55, 52); display: inline-block; line-height: 1.1; font-size: 18px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(149, 55, 52); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">⑦ 后处理</span></strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">普通织物、强捻织物、短纤仿毛织物染色后的还原清洗、固色等加工，对织物门幅没有影响。弹力织物，特别是混纺原料的纬向弹力织物，纤维素纤维用硫化染料染色后再用氧化剂氧化显色时，或活性染料染纤维素纤维后用纯碱固色时，工艺条件不能过于苛刻，工艺时间不能过长。否则氨纶弹力损伤过大，就会造成织物门幅增加过大，最后导致成品门幅过宽，织物纬向弹力消失。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p></section></section><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-role="paragraph" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-bottom: -1px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(149, 55, 52); display: inline-block; line-height: 1.1; font-size: 18px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(149, 55, 52); font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">⑧ 脱水、开幅与烘干</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">预缩和染色后的脱水、开幅，对预定本身影响不大。这里所说的开幅是指用设备或手工把绳状织物展平而不缠绕，便于烘干或定型。虽然织物脱水后含水量会影响烘干效率，但有些品种脱水过干，织物表面会产生新的折痕等疵点。大部分情况下，为了提高加工效率，前面提到过的常规品种的涤纶机织物，开幅后可以直接预定型而省去烘干工序。只要定型机的烘房长度足够长，完全能够保证织物的预定效果。染色以后的脱水、开幅和烘干对织物门幅的影响不大。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">虽然松式烘干设备和张紧式烘干设备在烘干时对织物烘干后的门幅有一定影响，但这种影响发生在织物染色之后，远比成品定型带给织物门幅的影响要小得多。有些特殊风格的织物，如树皮绉、珍珠麻等织物，为了保持布面风格，脱水开幅后需要松式烘干。大部分涤纶机织物开幅后可直接定型。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><br></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section data-role="paragraph" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="86516" data-color="#ef7060" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-bottom: -1px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(149, 55, 52); display: inline-block; line-height: 1.1; font-size: 18px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(149, 55, 52); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">⑨ 成品定型</span></strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"> </p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">普通平板涤纶机织物的成品定型对于尺寸稳定性影响最大。无论是普通织物、强捻织物、仿毛短纤织物还是弹力织物，成品定型门幅都要以定型前织物本身的门幅为基础。虽然尽力增加织物定型时经向张力有利于成品门幅变窄，但是要把染色后门幅过宽的织物通过成品定型使门幅变窄很多，是不可能的。同理，把染色后门幅过窄的织物通过成品定型使门幅增加很多，也是不可能的，哪怕是极大地降低织物成品定型时的经向张力。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">成品定型的张力调节比织物预定时经向张力调节更重要。通过调节定型机前端的张力杠、紧布器、扩幅辊和超喂装置来调节织物成品定型时的经向张力，不仅可以影响织物克重、手感，还可以影响成品定型门幅。橡毯预缩机预缩后，T/C类织物的门幅会适度增加。仿毛织物罐蒸后，门幅也会稍微变宽。黏胶短纤做经纱的仿牛仔纬弹织物经水洗后，门幅也会变宽。针板式定型机有利于保持织物在成品定型时的经向张力，这种张力既包括正向的拉伸张力，也包括负向的预缩张力。布铗式定型机在这方面的功能逊于针板式定型机。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" align="justify"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">织物的最终门幅不取决于成品定型门幅，而取决于织物本身的特性和整个染整加工过程。合理设计、精心加工，织物的最终门幅才会充分体现织物本身的特点，门幅的尺寸才会稳定。</span></p></section></section></section></section>